Nettippakaraṇapāḷi

Namo tassa bhagavato arahato samm āsambuddhassa
Khuddakanikāye
Nettippakaraṇapāḷi
1. Saṅgahavāro
Yaṃ loko pūjayate, salokapālo sadā namassati ca;
Tasseta sāsanavaraṃ, vidūhi ñeyyaṃ naravarassa.
Dvādasa padāni suttaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ byañjanañca attho ca;
Taṃ viññeyyaṃ ubhayaṃ, ko attho byañjanaṃ katamaṃ.
Soḷasahārā netti
[nettī (ka.)] , pañcanayā sāsanassa pariyeṭṭhi;
Aṭṭhārasamūlapadā, mahakaccānena [mahākaccānena (sī.)] niddiṭṭhā.
Hārā byañjanavicayo, suttassa nayā tayo ca suttattho;
Ubhayaṃ pariggahītaṃ, vuccati suttaṃ yathāsuttaṃ.
Yā ceva desanā yañca, desitaṃ ubhayameva viññeyyaṃ;
Tatrāyamānupubbī, navavidhasuttantapariyeṭṭhīti.
Saṅgahavāro.
2. Uddesavāro
1. Tattha katame soḷasa hārā? Desanā vicayo yutti padaṭṭhāno lakkhaṇo catubyūho āvaṭṭo vibhatti
parivattano vevacano paññatti otaraṇo sodhano adhiṭṭhāno parikkhāro samāropano iti.
Tassānugīti
Desanā vicayo yutti, padaṭṭhāno ca lakkhaṇo;
Catubyūho ca āvaṭṭo, vibhatti parivattano.
Vevacano ca paññatti, otaraṇo ca sodhano;
Adhiṭṭhāno parikkhāro, samāropano soḷaso
[soḷasa (sī.)] .
Ete soḷasa hārā, pakittitā atthato asaṃkiṇṇā;
Etesañceva bhavati, vitthāratayā nayavibhattīti.
2. Tattha katame pañca nayā? Nandiyāvaṭṭo tipukkhalo sīhavikkīḷito disālocano aṅkuso iti.
Tassānugīti
Paṭhamo nandiyāvaṭṭo, dutiyo ca tipukkhalo;
Sīhavikkīḷito nāma, tatiyo nayalañjako
[nayalañchako (sī.)] .

Dis ālocanam āha ṃ su , catuttha ṃ nayamuttama ṃ ;
Pañcamo aṅkuso nāma, sabbe pañca nayā gatāti.
3. Tattha katamāni aṭṭhārasa mūlapadāni? Nava padāni kusalāni nava padāni akusalāni. Tattha
katamāni nava padāni akusalāni, taṇhā avijjā lobho doso moho subhasaññā sukhasaññā niccasaññā
attasaññāti, imāni nava padāni akusalāni, yattha sabbo akusalapakkho saṅgahaṃ samosaraṇaṃ gacchati.
Tattha katamāni nava padāni kusalāni? Samatho vipassanā alobho adoso amoho asubhasaññā
dukkhasaññā aniccasaññā anattasaññāti, imāni nava padāni kusalāni, yattha sabbo kusalapakkho
saṅgahaṃ samosaraṇaṃ gacchati.
Tatridaṃ uddānaṃ
Taṇhā ca avijjāpi ca, lobho doso tatheva moho ca;
Caturo ca vipallāsā, kilesabhūmī nava padāni.
Samatho ca vipassanā ca, kusalāni ca yāni tīṇi mūlāni;
Caturo satipaṭṭhānā, indriyabhūmī nava padāni.
Navahi ca padehi kusalā, navahi ca yujjanti akusalapakkhā;
Ete kho mūlapadā, bhavanti aṭṭhārasa padānīti.
Uddesavāro.
3. Niddesavāro
4. Tattha saṅkhepato netti kittitā.
Hārasaṅkhepo
1.
Ass ādādīnavat ā, nissara ṇampi ca phala ṃ up āyo ca;
Āṇattī ca bhagavato, yogīnaṃ desanāhāro .
2. Ya ṃ pucchitañca vissajjitañca, suttassa y ā ca anug īti;
Suttassa yo pavicayo, hāro vicayo ti niddiṭṭho.
3. Sabbesaṃ hārānaṃ, yā bhūmī yo ca gocaro tesaṃ;
Yuttāyuttaparikkhā, hāro yuttīti niddiṭṭho.
4. Dhammaṃ deseti jino, tassa ca dhammassa yaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ;
Iti yāva sabbadhammā, eso hāro padaṭṭhāno .
5. Vuttamhi ekadhamme, ye dhammā ekalakkhaṇā keci;
Vuttā bhavanti sabbe, so hāro lakkhaṇo nāma.
6.
Neruttamadhipp āyo, byañjanamatha desan ānid ānañca;
Pubbāparānusandhī, eso hāro catubyūho .
7. Ekamhi pada ṭṭ hāne, pariyesati sesaka ṃ pada ṭṭ hāna ṃ ;
Āvaṭṭati paṭipakkhe, āvaṭṭo nāma so hāro.

8. Dhammañca pada ṭṭ hāna ṃ , bh ūmiñca vibhajjate aya ṃ hāro;
Sādhāraṇe asādhāraṇe ca neyyo vibhattīti.
9. Kusalākusale dhamme, niddiṭṭhe bhāvite pahīne ca;
Parivattati paṭipakkhe, hāro parivattano nāma.
10 .
Vevacan āni bah ūni tu, sutte vutt āni ekadhammassa;
Yo jānāti suttavidū, vevacano nāma so hāro.
11 . Eka ṃ bhagav ā dhamma ṃ , paññatt īhi vividh āhi deseti;
So ākāro ñeyyo, paññattīnāma hāroti.
12 . Yo ca pa ṭiccupp ādo, indriyakhandh ā ca dh ātu āyatan ā;
Etehi otarati yo, otaraṇo nāma so hāro.
13 . Vissajjitamhi pañhe, gāthāyaṃ pucchitāyamārabbha;
Suddhāsuddhaparikkhā, hāro so sodhano nāma.
14 . Ekattatāya dhammā, yepi ca vemattatāya niddiṭṭhā;
Tena vikappayitabbā, eso hāro adhiṭṭhāno .
15 . Ye dhammā yaṃ dhammaṃ, janayantippaccayā paramparato;
Hetumavakaḍḍhayitvā, eso hāro parikkhāro .
16 . Ye dhammā yaṃ mūlā, ye cekatthā pakāsitā muninā;
Te samaropayitabbā, esa samāropano hāro.
Nayasaṅkhepo
17 .
Ta ṇhañca avijjampi ca, samathena vipassan ā yo neti;
Saccehi yojayitvā, ayaṃ nayo nandiyāvaṭṭo.
18 . Yo akusale sam ūlehi, neti kusale ca kusalam ūlehi;
Bhūtaṃ tathaṃ avitathaṃ, tipukkhalaṃtaṃ nayaṃ āhu.
19 . Yo neti vipallāsehi, kilese indriyehi saddhamme;
Etaṃ nayaṃ nayavidū, sīhavikkīḷitaṃ āhu.
20 . Veyyākaraṇesu hi ye, kusalākusalā tahiṃ tahiṃ vuttā;
Manasā volokayate, taṃ khu disālocanaṃ āhu.
21 . Oloketvā disalocanena, ukkhipiya yaṃ samāneti;
Sabbe kusalākusale, ayaṃ nayo aṅkuso nāma.
22 .
So ḷasa h ārā pa ṭhama ṃ , disalocanato [disalocanena (ka.)] dis ā viloketv ā;
Saṅkhipiya aṅkusena hi, nayehi tīhi niddise suttaṃ.
Dvādasapada
23 . Akkhara ṃ pada ṃ byañjana ṃ , nirutti tatheva niddeso;
Ākārachaṭṭhavacanaṃ, ettāva byañjanaṃ sabbaṃ.

24 . Sa ṅkāsan ā pak āsan ā, vivara ṇā vibhajanutt ānīkammapaññatti;
Etehi chahi padehi, attho kammañca niddiṭṭhaṃ.
25 . Tīṇi ca nayā anūnā, atthassa ca chappadāni gaṇitāni;
Navahi padehi bhagavato, vacanassattho samāyutto.
26 . Atthassa navappadāni, byañjanapariyeṭṭhiyā catubbīsa;
Ubhayaṃ saṅkalayitvā
[saṅkhepayato (ka.)] , tettiṃsā ettikā nettīti.
Niddesavāro.
4. Paṭiniddesavāro
1. Desanāhāravibhaṅgo
5. Tattha katamo desanāhāro? ‘‘Assādādīnavatā’’ti gāthā ayaṃ desanāhāro. Kiṃ desayati?
Assādaṃ ādīnavaṃ nissaraṇaṃ phalaṃ upāyaṃ āṇattiṃ. Dhammaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi
ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ
parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsessāmīti.
Tattha katamo assādo?
‘‘Kāmaṃ [kāmamādikā imā cha gāthā su. ni. 772 passitabbā]kāmayamānassa, tassa cetaṃ
samijjhati;
Addhā pītimano hoti, laddhā macco yadicchatī’’ti.
Ayaṃ assādo.
Tattha katamo ādīnavo?
‘‘Tassa ce kāmayānassa, chandajātassa jantuno;
Te kāmā parihāyanti, sallaviddhova ruppatī’’ti.
Ayaṃ ādīnavo.
Tattha katamaṃ nissaraṇaṃ?
‘‘Yo kāme parivajjeti, sappasseva padā siro;
Somaṃ visattikaṃ loke, sato samativattatī’’ti.
Idaṃ nissaraṇaṃ.
Tattha katamo assādo?
‘‘Khettaṃ vatthuṃ hiraññaṃ vā, gavāssaṃ dāsaporisaṃ;
Thiyo bandhū puthū kāme, yo naro anugijjhatī’’ti.
Ayaṃ assādo.
Tattha katamo ādīnavo?

‘‘ Abal ā na ṃ bal īyanti, maddante na ṃ parissay ā;
Tato naṃ dukkhamanveti, nāvaṃ bhinnamivodaka’’nti.
Ayaṃ ādīnavo.
Tattha katamaṃ nissaraṇaṃ?
‘‘Tasmā jantu sadā sato, kāmāni parivajjaye;
Te pahāya tare oghaṃ, nāvaṃ sitvāva pāragū’’ti.
Idaṃ nissaraṇaṃ.
Tattha katamaṃ phalaṃ?
‘‘Dhammo have rakkhati dhammacāriṃ, chattaṃ mahantaṃ yatha vassakāle;
Esānisaṃso dhamme suciṇṇe, na duggatiṃ gacchati dhammacārī’’ti.
Idaṃ phalaṃ.
Tattha katamo upāyo?
‘‘Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā’’ti…pe…
‘‘Sabbe saṅkhārā
[passa dha. pa. 277] dukkhā’’ti…pe…
‘‘Sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti, yadā paññāya passati;
Atha nibbindati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiyā’’ti.
Ayaṃ upāyo.
Tattha katamā āṇatti?
‘‘Cakkhumā
[passa udā. 43] visamānīva, vijjamāne parakkame;
Paṇḍito jīvalokasmiṃ, pāpāni parivajjaye’’ti.
Ayaṃ āṇatti.
‘‘‘Suññato lokaṃ avekkhassu,
Mogharājā’ti āṇatti, ‘sadā sato’ti upāyo;
‘Attānudiṭṭhiṃ ūhacca
[uhacca (ka.) passa su. ni. 1125] , evaṃ maccutaro siyā’’’.
Idaṃ phalaṃ.
6. Tattha bhagavā ugghaṭitaññussa puggalassa nissaraṇaṃ desayati, vipañcitaññussa puggalassa
ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca desayati, neyyassa puggalassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca desayati.
Tattha catasso paṭipadā, cattāro puggalā. Taṇhācarito mando satindriyena dukkhāya paṭipadāya
dandhābhiññāya niyyāti satipaṭṭhānehi nissayehi. Taṇhācarito udatto
[udattho (sī.) u + ā + dā + ta]
samādhindriyena dukkhāya paṭipadāya khippābhiññāya niyyāti jhānehi nissayehi. Diṭṭhicarito mando
vīriyindriyena sukhāya paṭipadāya dandhābhiññāya niyyāti sammappadhānehi nissayehi. Diṭṭhicarito
udatto paññindriyena sukh āya pa ṭipad āya khipp ābhiññ āya niyy āti saccehi nissayehi.

Ubho ta ṇhācarit ā samathapubba ṅgam āya vipassan ā niyyanti r āgavir āgāya cetovimuttiy ā. Ubho
diṭṭhicaritā vipassanāpubbaṅgame samathena niyyanti avijjāvirāgāya paññāvimuttiyā.
Tattha ye samathapubbaṅgamāhi paṭipadāhi niyyanti, te nandiyāvaṭṭena nayena hātabbā, ye
vipassanāpubbaṅgamāhi paṭipadāhi niyyanti, te sīhavikkīḷitena nayena hātabbā.
7. Svāyaṃ hāro kattha sambhavati, yassa satthā vā dhammaṃ desayati aññataro vā garuṭṭhānīyo
sabrahmacārī, so taṃ dhammaṃ sutvā saddhaṃ paṭilabhati. Tattha yā vīmaṃsā ussāhanā tulanā
upaparikkhā, ayaṃ sutamayī paññā. Tathā sutena nissayena yā vīmaṃsā tulanā upaparikkhā
manasānupekkhaṇā, ayaṃ cintāmayī paññā. Imāhi dvīhi paññāhi manasikārasampayuttassa yaṃ ñāṇaṃ
uppajjati dassanabhūmiyaṃ vā bhāvanābhūmiyaṃ vā, ayaṃ bhāvanāmayī paññā.
8. Paratoghosā sutamayī paññā. Paccattasamuṭṭhitā yoniso manasikārā cintāmayī paññā. Yaṃ
parato ca ghosena paccattasamuṭṭhitena ca yonisomanasikārena ñāṇaṃ uppajjati, ayaṃ bhāvanāmayī
paññā. Yassa imā dve paññā atthi sutamayī cintāmayī ca, ayaṃ ugghaṭitaññū. Yassa sutamayī paññā
atthi, cintāmayī natthi, ayaṃ vipañcitaññū [vipaccitaññū (sī.)] . Yassa neva sutamayī paññā atthi na
cintāmayī, ayaṃ neyyo.
9. Sāyaṃ dhammadesanā kiṃ desayati? Cattāri saccāni dukkhaṃ samudayaṃ nirodhaṃ maggaṃ.
Ādīnavo ca phalañca dukkhaṃ, assādo samudayo, nissaraṇaṃ nirodho, upāyo āṇatti ca maggo. Imāni
cattāri saccāni. Idaṃ dhammacakkaṃ.
Yathāha bhagavā – ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’nti me, bhikkhave, bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ
dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā
vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ, sabbaṃ dhammacakkaṃ.
Tattha aparimāṇā padā, aparimāṇā akkharā, aparimāṇā byañjanā, aparimāṇā ākārā neruttā niddesā.
Etasseva atthassa saṅkāsanā pakāsanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ
[uttānikammaṃ (ka.)] paññatti,
itipidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.
‘‘Ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’’ti me, bhikkhave, bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ
dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ…pe… ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’’ti me, bhikkhave…pe… ‘‘ayaṃ
dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’’ti me, bhikkhave, bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ
dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā
vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ.
Tattha aparimāṇā padā, aparimāṇā akkharā, aparimāṇā byañjanā, aparimāṇā ākārā neruttā niddesā.
Etasseva atthassa saṅkāsanā pakāsanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ paññatti itipidaṃ
dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ.
Tattha bhagavā akkharehi saṅkāseti, padehi pakāseti, byañjanehi vivarati, ākārehi vibhajati,
niruttīhi uttānīkaroti
[uttāniṃ karoti (ka.)] , niddesehi paññapeti. Tattha bhagavā akkharehi ca padehi ca
ugghaṭeti [ugghāṭeti (sī.)] , byañjanehi ca ākārehi ca vipañcayati, niruttīhi ca niddesehi ca vitthāreti.
Tattha ugghaṭanā [ugghāṭanā (sī.)] ādi, vipañcanā majjhe, vitthāraṇā pariyosānaṃ. Soyaṃ
dhammavinayo ugghaṭīyanto ugghaṭitaññūpuggalaṃ vineti, tena naṃ āhu ‘‘ādikalyāṇo’’ti. Vipañcīyanto
vipañcitaññūpuggalaṃ vineti, tena naṃ āhu ‘‘majjhekalyāṇo’’ti. Vitthārīyanto neyyaṃ puggalaṃ vineti,
tena naṃ āhu ‘‘pariyosānakalyāṇo’’ti.
10 . Tattha chappadāni attho saṅkāsanā pakāsanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ paññatti, imāni
chappadāni attho. Chappadāni byañjanaṃ akkharaṃ padaṃ byañjanaṃ ākāro nirutti niddeso, imāni
chappadāni byañjanaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘dhammaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi ādikalyāṇaṃ

majjhekaly āṇ aṃ pariyos ānakaly āṇ aṃ sāttha ṃ sabyañjana ’’ nti.
Kevala nti lokuttaraṃ, na missaṃ lokiyehi dhammehi. Paripuṇṇanti paripūraṃ anūnaṃ
anatirekaṃ. Parisuddha nti nimmalaṃ sabbamalāpagataṃ pariyodātaṃ upaṭṭhitaṃ sabbavisesānaṃ,
idaṃ vuccati tathāgatapadaṃitipi tathāgatanisevitaṃitipi tathāgatārañjitaṃitipi, atocetaṃ brahmacariyaṃ
paññāyati. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsessāmī’’ti.
Kesaṃ ayaṃ dhammadesanā, yogīnaṃ. Tenāha āyasmā mahākaccāyano –
‘‘Assādādīnavatā, nissaraṇampi ca phalaṃ upāyo ca;
Āṇattī ca bhagavato, yogīnaṃ desanāhāro’’ti.
Niyutto desanāhāro.
2. Vicayahāravibhaṅgo
11 . Tattha katamo vicayo hāro? ‘‘Yaṃ pucchitañca vissajjitañcā’’ti gāthā, ayaṃ vicayo hāro.
Kiṃ vicinati? Padaṃ vicinati, pañhaṃ vicinati, visajjanaṃ
[vissajjanaṃ (sī. ka.)] vicinati,
pubbāparaṃ vicinati, assādaṃ vicinati, ādīnavaṃ vicinati, nissaraṇaṃ vicinati, phalaṃ vicinati, upāyaṃ
vicinati, āṇattiṃ vicinati, anugītiṃ vicinati, sabbe nava suttante vicinati. Yathā kiṃ bhave, yathā āyasmā
ajito pārāyane bhagavantaṃ pañhaṃ pucchati –
‘‘Kenassu [passa su. ni. 1038] nivuto loko, [iccāyasmā ajito,]
Kenassu nappakāsati;
Kissābhilepanaṃ brūsi, kiṃ su tassa mahabbhaya’’nti.
Imāni cattāri padāni pucchitāni, so eko pañho. Kasmā? Ekavatthu pariggahā, evañhi āha ‘‘kenassu
nivuto loko’’ti lokādhiṭṭhānaṃ pucchati, ‘‘kenassu nappakāsatī’’ti lokassa appakāsanaṃ pucchati,
‘‘kissābhilepanaṃ brūsī’’ti lokassa abhilepanaṃ pucchati, ‘‘kiṃsu tassa mahabbhaya’’nti tasseva
lokassa mahābhayaṃ pucchati. Loko tividho kilesaloko bhavaloko indriyaloko.
Tattha visajjanā –
‘‘Avijjāya nivuto loko, [ajitāti bhagavā,]
Vivicchā
[vevicchā (su. ni. 1039)] pamādā nappakāsati;
Jappābhilepanaṃ brūmi, dukkhamassa mahabbhaya’’nti.
Imāni cattāri padāni imehi catūhi padehi visajjitāni paṭhamaṃ paṭhamena, dutiyaṃ dutiyena,
tatiyaṃ tatiyena, catutthaṃ catutthena.
‘‘Kenassu nivuto loko’’ti pañhe ‘‘avijjāya nivuto loko’’ti visajjanā. Nīvaraṇehi nivuto loko,
avijjānīvaraṇā hi sabbe sattā. Yathāha bhagavā ‘‘sabbasattānaṃ, bhikkhave, sabbapāṇānaṃ
sabbabhūtānaṃ pariyāyato ekameva nīvaraṇaṃ vadāmi yadidaṃ avijjā, avijjānīvaraṇā hi sabbe sattā.
Sabbasova, bhikkhave, avijjāya nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā natthi sattānaṃ nīvaraṇanti vadāmī’’ti. Tena
ca paṭhamassa padassa visajjanā yuttā.
‘‘Kenassu nappakāsatī’’ti pañhe ‘‘vivicchā pamādā nappakāsatī’’ti visajjanā. Yo puggalo
nīvaraṇehi nivuto, so vivicchati. Vivicchā nāma vuccati vicikicchā. So vicikicchanto nābhisaddahati, na
abhisaddahanto v īriya ṃ nārabhati akusal āna ṃ dhamm āna ṃ pah ānāya kusal āna ṃ dhamm āna ṃ

sacchikiriy āya. So idhappam ādamanuyutto viharati pamatto, sukke dhamme na upp ādiyati, tassa te
anuppādiyamānā nappakāsanti, yathāha bhagavā –
‘‘Dūre santo pakāsanti [pakāsenti dha. pa. 304] , himavantova pabbato;
Asantettha na dissanti, rattiṃ khittā [ratti khittā (sī.), passa dha. pa. 304] yathā sarā;
Te guṇehi pakāsanti, kittiyā ca yasena cā’’ti.
Tena ca dutiyassa padassa visajjanā yuttā.
‘‘Kissābhilepanaṃ brūsī’’ti pañhe ‘‘jappābhilepanaṃ brūmī’’ti visajjanā. Jappā nāma vuccati
taṇhā. Sā kathaṃ abhilimpati? Yathāha bhagavā –
‘‘Ratto atthaṃ na jānāti, ratto dhammaṃ na passati;
Andhantamaṃ
[andhatamaṃ (ka.)] tadā hoti, yaṃ rāgo sahate nara’’nti.
Sāyaṃ taṇhā āsattibahulassa puggalassa ‘‘evaṃ abhijappā’’ti karitvā tattha loko abhilitto nāma
bhavati, tena ca tatiyassa padassa visajjanā yuttā.
‘‘Kiṃ su tassa mahabbhaya’’nti pañhe ‘‘dukkhamassa mahabbhaya’’nti visajjanā. Duvidhaṃ
dukkhaṃ – kāyikañca cetasikañca. Yaṃ kāyikaṃ idaṃ dukkhaṃ, yaṃ cetasikaṃ idaṃ domanassaṃ.
Sabbe sattā hi dukkhassa ubbijjanti, natthi bhayaṃ dukkhena samasamaṃ, kuto vā pana tassa
uttaritaraṃ? Tisso dukkhatā – dukkhadukkhatā saṅkhāradukkhatā vipariṇāmadukkhatā. Tattha loko
odhaso kadāci karahaci dukkhadukkhatāya muccati. Tathā vipariṇāmadukkhatāya. Taṃ kissa hetu?
Honti loke appābādhāpi dīghāyukāpi. Saṅkhāradukkhatāya pana loko anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā
muccati, tasmā saṅkhāradukkhatā dukkhaṃ lokassāti katvā dukkhamassa mahabbhayanti. Tena ca
catutthassa padassa visajjanā yuttā. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘avijjāya nivuto loko’’ti.
Savanti sabbadhi sotā, [iccāyasmā ajito,]
Sotānaṃ kiṃ nivāraṇaṃ;
Sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūhi, kena sotā pidhīyare
[pithīyare (sī.), pidhiyyare (ka.), passa su. ni.
1040] .
Imāni cattāri padāni pucchitāni. Te dve pañhā. Kasmā? Imehi batvādhivacanena pucchitā. Evaṃ
samāpannassa lokassa evaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhassa kiṃ lokassa vodānaṃ vuṭṭhānamiti, evañhi āha.
Savantisabbadhi sotāti. Asamāhitassa savanti abhijjhābyāpādappamādabahulassa. Tattha yā
abhijjhā ayaṃ lobho akusalamūlaṃ, yo byāpādo ayaṃ doso akusalamūlaṃ, yo pamādo ayaṃ moho
akusalamūlaṃ. Tassevaṃ asamāhitassa chasu āyatanesu taṇhā savanti rūpataṇhā saddataṇhā
gandhataṇhā rasataṇhā phoṭṭhabbataṇhā dhammataṇhā, yathāha bhagavā –
‘‘Savatī’’ ti ca kho, bhikkhave, channetaṃ ajjhattikānaṃ āyatanānaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Cakkhu savati
manāpikesu rūpesu, amanāpikesu
[amanāpiyesu (ka.)] paṭihaññatīti. Sotaṃ…pe… ghānaṃ… jivhā…
kāyo… mano savati manāpikesu dhammesu amanāpikesu paṭihaññatīti. Iti sabbā ca savati, sabbathā ca
savati. Tenāha ‘‘savanti sabbadhi sotā’’ti.
‘‘Sotānaṃ kiṃ nivāraṇa’’nti pariyuṭṭhānavighātaṃ pucchati, idaṃ vodānaṃ. ‘‘Sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ
brūhi, kena sotā pidhīyare’’ti anusayasamugghātaṃ pucchati, idaṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ.
Tattha visajjanā –
‘‘Yāni sotāni lokasmiṃ, [ajitāti bhagavā,]

Sati tesa ṃ niv āra ṇaṃ ;
Sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūmi, paññāyete pidhīyare’’ti.
Kāyagatāya satiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya cakkhu nāviñchati manāpikesu rūpesu, amanāpikesu na
paṭihaññati, sotaṃ…pe… ghānaṃ… jivhā… kāyo… mano nāviñchati manāpikesu dhammesu,
amanāpikesu na paṭihaññati. Kena kāraṇena? Saṃvutanivāritattā indriyānaṃ. Kena te saṃvutanivāritā?
Satiārakkhena. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘sati tesaṃ nivāraṇa’’nti.
Paññāya anusayā pahīyanti, anusayesu pahīnesu pariyuṭṭhānā pahīyanti. Kissa
[tassa (sī.)] ,
anusayassa pahīnattā? Taṃ yathā khandhavantassa rukkhassa anavasesamūluddharaṇe kate
pupphaphalapallavaṅkurasantati samucchinnā bhavati. Evaṃ anusayesu pahīnesu pariyuṭṭhānasantati
samucchinnā bhavati pidahitā paṭicchannā. Kena? Paññāya. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘paññāyete pidhīyare’’ti.
‘‘Paññā ceva sati ca, [iccāyasmā ajito,]
Nāmarūpañca mārisa;
Etaṃ me puṭṭho pabrūhi, katthetaṃ uparujjhatī’’ti.
‘‘Yametaṃ pañhaṃ apucchi
[maṃ pucchi (ka.), passa su. ni. 1043] , ajita taṃ vadāmi te;
Yattha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhati;
Viññāṇassa nirodhena, etthetaṃ uparujjhatī’’ti.
Ayaṃ pañhe
[pañho (sī. ka.) nettivibhāvanī passitabbā]anusandhiṃ pucchati. Anusandhiṃ
pucchanto kiṃ pucchati? Anupādisesaṃ nibbānadhātuṃ. Tīṇi ca saccāni saṅkhatāni nirodhadhammāni
dukkhaṃ samudayo maggo, nirodho asaṅkhato. Tattha samudayo dvīsu bhūmīsu pahīyati
dassanabhūmiyā ca bhāvanābhūmiyā ca. Dassanena tīṇi saṃyojanāni pahīyanti sakkāyadiṭṭhi vicikicchā
sīlabbataparāmāso, bhāvanāya satta saṃyojanāni pahīyanti kāmacchando byāpādo rūparāgo arūparāgo
māno uddhaccaṃ avijjāvasesā
[avijjā ca niravasesā (sī. ka.)] . Tedhātuke imāni dasa saṃyojanāni
pañcorambhāgiyāni pañcuddhambhāgiyāni.
12 . Tattha tīṇi saṃyojanāni sakkāyadiṭṭhi vicikicchā sīlabbataparāmāso anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ
adhiṭṭhāya nirujjhanti. Satta saṃyojanāni kāmacchando byāpādo rūparāgo arūparāgo māno uddhaccaṃ
avijjāvasesā aññindriyaṃ adhiṭṭhāya nirujjhanti. Yaṃ pana evaṃ jānāti ‘‘khīṇā me jātī’’ti, idaṃ khaye
ñāṇaṃ. ‘‘Nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti pajānāti, idaṃ anuppāde ñāṇaṃ. Imāni dve ñāṇāni aññātāvindriyaṃ.
Tattha yañca anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ yañca aññindriyaṃ, imāni aggaphalaṃ arahattaṃ
pāpuṇantassa nirujjhanti, tattha yañca khaye ñāṇaṃ yañca anuppāde ñāṇaṃ, imāni dve ñāṇāni ekapaññā.
Api ca ārammaṇasaṅketena dve nāmāni labbhanti, ‘‘khīṇā me jātī’’ti pajānantassa khaye ñāṇanti
nāmaṃ labhati, ‘‘nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti pajānantassa anuppāde ñāṇanti nāmaṃ labhati. Sā
pajānanaṭṭhena paññā, yathādiṭṭhaṃ apilāpanaṭṭhena sati.
13 . Tattha ye pañcupādānakkhandhā, idaṃ nāmarūpaṃ. Tattha ye phassapañcamakā dhammā, idaṃ
nāmaṃ. Yāni pañcindriyāni rūpāni, idaṃ rūpaṃ. Tadubhayaṃ nāmarūpaṃ viññāṇasampayuttaṃ tassa
nirodhaṃ bhagavantaṃ pucchanto āyasmā ajito pārāyane evamāha –
‘‘Paññā ceva sati ca, nāmarūpañca mārisa;
Etaṃ me puṭṭho pabrūhi, katthetaṃ uparujjhatī’’ti.
Tattha sati ca paññā ca cattāri indriyāni, sati dve indriyāni satindriyañca samādhindriyañca, paññā
dve indriyāni paññindriyañca vīriyindriyañca. Yā imesu catūsu indriyesu saddahanā okappanā, idaṃ
saddhindriyaṃ. Tattha yā saddhādhipateyyā cittekaggatā, ayaṃ chandasamādhi. Samāhite citte
kilesānaṃ vikkhambhanatāya paṭisaṅkhānabalena vā bhāvanābalena vā, idaṃ pahānaṃ. Tattha ye

ass āsapass āsā vitakkavic ārā saññ āvedayit ā sarasa ṅkapp ā, ime sa ṅkh ārā. Iti purimako ca
chandasamādhi, kilesavikkhambhanatāya ca pahānaṃ ime ca saṅkhārā, tadubhayaṃ
chandasamādhippadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ
nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Tattha yā vīriyādhipateyyā cittekaggatā, ayaṃ vīriyasamādhi…
pe… tattha yā cittādhipateyyā cittekaggatā, ayaṃ cittasamādhi…pe… tattha yā vīmaṃsādhipateyyā
cittekaggatā, ayaṃ vīmaṃsāsamādhi. Samāhite citte kilesānaṃ vikkhambhanatāya paṭisaṅkhānabalena
vā bhāvanābalena vā, idaṃ pahānaṃ. Tattha ye assāsapassāsā vitakkavicārā saññāvedayitā
sarasaṅkappā, ime saṅkhārā. Iti purimako ca vīmaṃsāsamādhi, kilesavikkhambhanatāya ca pahānaṃ
ime ca saṅkhārā, tadubhayaṃ vīmaṃsāsamādhippadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti
vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ.
14 . Sabbo samādhi ñāṇamūlako ñāṇapubbaṅgamo ñāṇānuparivatti.
Yathā pure tathā pacchā, yathā pacchā tathā pure;
Yathā divā tathā rattiṃ
[ratti (ka.) ayaṃ gāthā theragā. 397 dissati] , yathā rattiṃ tathā divā.
Iti vivaṭena cetasā apariyonaddhena sappabhāsaṃ cittaṃ bhāveti. Pañcindriyāni kusalāni
cittasahabhūni citte uppajjamāne uppajjanti, citte nirujjhamāne nirujjhanti. Nāmarūpañca
viññāṇahetukaṃ viññāṇapaccayā nibbattaṃ, tassa maggena hetu upacchinno, viññāṇaṃ anāhāraṃ
anabhinanditaṃ appaṭisandhikaṃ taṃ nirujjhati. Nāmarūpamapi ahetu appaccayaṃ punabbhavaṃ na
nibbattayati
[nibbattiyati (ka.)] . Evaṃ viññāṇassa nirodhā paññā ca sati ca nāmarūpañca nirujjhati.
Tenāha bhagavā –
‘‘Yametaṃ pañhaṃ apucchi, ajita taṃ vadāmi te;
Yattha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhati;
Viññāṇassa nirodhena, etthetaṃ uparujjhatī’’ti.
‘‘Ye ca
[ayaṃ gāthā su. ni. 1044 aññathā dissati] saṅkhātadhammāse, [iccāyasmā ajito]
Ye ca sekkhā puthū idha;
Tesaṃ me nipako iriyaṃ, puṭṭho pabrūhi mārisā’’ti.
15 . Imāni tīṇi padāni pucchitāni, te tayo pañhā. Kissa?
Sekhāsekhavipassanāpubbaṅgamappahānayogena, evañhi āha. ‘‘Ye ca saṅkhātadhammāse’’ti arahattaṃ
pucchati, ‘‘ye ca sekhā puthū idhā’’ti sekhaṃ pucchati, ‘‘tesaṃ me nipako iriyaṃ, puṭṭho pabrūhi
mārisā’’ti vipassanāpubbaṅgamaṃ pahānaṃ pucchati.
Tattha visajjanā –
‘‘Kāmesu nābhigijjheyya, [ajitāti bhagavā]
Manasānāvilo siyā;
Kusalo sabbadhammānaṃ, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti.
Bhagavato sabbaṃ kāyakammaṃ ñāṇapubbaṅgamaṃ ñāṇānuparivatti, sabbaṃ vacīkammaṃ
ñāṇapubbaṅgamaṃ ñāṇānuparivatti, sabbaṃ manokammaṃ ñāṇapubbaṅgamaṃ ñāṇānuparivatti. Atīte
aṃse appaṭihatañāṇadassanaṃ, anāgate aṃse appaṭihatañāṇadassanaṃ, paccuppanne aṃse
appaṭihatañāṇadassanaṃ.
Ko ca ñāṇadassanassa paṭighāto? Yaṃ anicce dukkhe anattani ca aññāṇaṃ adassanaṃ, ayaṃ
ñāṇadassanassa paṭighāto. Yathā idha puriso tārakarūpāni passeyya, no ca gaṇanasaṅketena jāneyya,
aya ṃ ñāṇ adassanassa pa ṭigh āto.

Bhagavato pana appa ṭihatañ āṇ adassana ṃ , an āvara ṇañ āṇ adassan ā hi buddh ā bhagavanto. Tattha
sekhena dvīsu dhammesu cittaṃ rakkhitabbaṃ gedhā ca rajanīyesu dhammesu, dosā ca
pariyuṭṭhānīyesu. Tattha yā icchā mucchā patthanā piyāyanā kīḷanā, taṃ bhagavā nivārento evamāha
‘‘kāmesu nābhigijjheyyā’’ti.
‘‘Manasānāvilo siyā’’ti pariyuṭṭhānavighātaṃ āha. Tathā hi sekho abhigijjhanto asamuppannañca
kilesaṃ uppādeti, uppannañca kilesaṃ phātiṃ karoti. Yo pana anāvilasaṅkappo anabhigijjhanto
vāyamati, so anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati
vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. So uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ
pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. So anuppannānaṃ
kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti
padahati. So uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya
bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
16 . Katame
[katame ca (aṭṭha.)] anuppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā? Kāmavitakko byāpādavitakko
vihiṃsāvitakko, ime anuppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā. Katame uppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā?
Anusayā akusalamūlāni, ime uppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā. Katame anuppannā kusalā dhammā?
Yāni sotāpannassa indriyāni, ime anuppannā kusalā dhammā. Katame uppannā kusalā dhammā? Yāni
aṭṭhamakassa indriyāni, ime uppannā kusalā dhammā.
Yena kāmavitakkaṃ vāreti, idaṃ satindriyaṃ. Yena byāpādavitakkaṃ vāreti, idaṃ
samādhindriyaṃ. Yena vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ vāreti, idaṃ vīriyindriyaṃ.
Yena uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti
nādhivāseti, idaṃ paññindriyaṃ. Yā imesu catūsu indriyesu saddahanā okappanā, idaṃ saddhindriyaṃ.
Tattha saddhindriyaṃ kattha daṭṭhabbaṃ? Catūsu sotāpattiyaṅgesu. Vīriyindriyaṃ kattha
daṭṭhabbaṃ? Catūsu sammappadhānesu. Satindriyaṃ kattha daṭṭhabbaṃ? Catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu.
Samādhindriyaṃ kattha daṭṭhabbaṃ? Catūsu jhānesu. Paññindriyaṃ kattha daṭṭhabbaṃ? Catūsu
ariyasaccesu. Evaṃ sekho sabbehi kusalehi dhammehi appamatto vutto bhagavatā anāvilatāya manasā.
Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘manasānāvilosiyā’’ti.
17 . ‘‘Kusalo sabbadhammāna’’nti loko nāma tividho kilesaloko bhavaloko indriyaloko. Tattha
kilesalokena bhavaloko samudāgacchati, so indriyāni nibbatteti, indriyesu bhāviyamānesu neyyassa
pariññā bhavati. Sā duvidhena upaparikkhitabbā dassanapariññāya ca bhāvanāpariññāya ca. Yadā hi
sekho ñeyyaṃ parijānāti, tadā nibbidāsahagatehi saññāmanasikārehi neyyaṃ pariññātaṃ bhavati. Tassa
dve dhammā kosallaṃ gacchanti – dassanakosallañca bhāvanākosallañca.
Taṃ ñāṇaṃ pañcavidhena veditabbaṃ◌ः abhiññā pariññā pahānaṃ bhāvanā sacchikiriyā. Tattha
katamā abhiññā? Yaṃ dhammānaṃ salakkhaṇe ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā ca atthapaṭisambhidā ca,
ayaṃ abhiññā.
Tattha katamā pariññā? Evaṃ abhijānitvā yā parijānanā ‘‘idaṃ kusalaṃ, idaṃ akusalaṃ, idaṃ
sāvajjaṃ, idaṃ anavajjaṃ, idaṃ kaṇhaṃ, idaṃ sukkaṃ, idaṃ sevitabbaṃ, idaṃ na sevitabbaṃ, ime
dhammā evaṃgahitā, idaṃ phalaṃ nibbattenti
[nibbattāpenti (ka.)] , tesaṃ evaṃgahitānaṃ ayaṃ
attho’’ti, ayaṃ pariññā.
Evaṃ parijānitvā tayo dhammā avasiṭṭhā bhavanti pahātabbā bhāvetabbā sacchikātabbā ca. Tattha
katame dhammā pahātabbā? Ye akusalā. Tattha katame dhammā bhāvetabbā? Ye kusalā. Tattha katame
dhammā sacchikātabbā? Yaṃ asaṅkhataṃ. Yo evaṃ jānāti ayaṃ vuccati atthakusalo dhammakusalo
kaly āṇ at ākusalo phalat ākusalo, āyakusalo ap āyakusalo up āyakusalo mahat ā kosallena samann āgatoti,

ten āha bhagav ā ‘‘ kusalo sabbadhamm āna ’’ nti.
‘‘Sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti tena diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāratthaṃ abhikkante paṭikkante ālokite
vilokite samiñjite [sammiñjite (sī.)] pasārite saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe asite pīte khāyite sāyite
uccārapassāvakamme gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite bhāsite tuṇhibhāve satena sampajānena
vihātabbaṃ. Imā dve cariyā anuññātā bhagavatā ekā visuddhānaṃ, ekā visujjhantānaṃ. Ke visuddhā?
Arahanto. Ke visujjhantā? Sekkhā. Katakiccāni hi arahato indriyāni. Yaṃ bojjhaṃ, taṃ catubbidhaṃ
dukkhassa pariññābhisamayena samudayassa pahānābhisamayena maggassa bhāvanābhisamayena
nirodhassa sacchikiriyābhisamayena, idaṃ catubbidhaṃ bojjhaṃ yo evaṃ jānāti, ayaṃ vuccati sato
abhikkamati sato paṭikkamati khayā rāgassa khayā dosassa khayā mohassa. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘sato
bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti, tenāha –
‘‘Kāmesu nābhigijjheyya, [ajitāti bhagavā]
Manasānāvilo siyā;
Kusalo sabbadhammānaṃ, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti.
Evaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, evaṃ visajjitabbaṃ. Suttassa ca anugīti atthato ca byañjanato ca samānetabbā
[samānayitabbā (sī. ka.)] . Atthāpagataṃ hi byañjanaṃ samphappalāpaṃ bhavati. Dunnikkhittassa
padabyañjanassa atthopi dunnayo bhavati, tasmā atthabyañjanūpetaṃ saṅgāyitabbaṃ. Suttañca
pavicinitabbaṃ. Kiṃ idaṃ suttaṃ āhacca vacanaṃ anusandhivacanaṃ nītatthaṃ neyyatthaṃ
saṃkilesabhāgiyaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ asekkhabhāgiyaṃ? Kuhiṃ imassa suttassa sabbāni saccāni
passitabbāni, ādimajjhapariyosāneti? Evaṃ suttaṃ pavicetabbaṃ. Tenāha āyasmā mahākaccāyano –
‘‘yaṃ pucchitañca vissajjitañca, suttassa yā ca anugītī’’ti.
Niyutto vicayo hāro.
3. Yuttihāravibhaṅgo
18 . Tattha katamo yuttihāro? ‘‘Sabbesaṃ hārāna’’nti, ayaṃ yuttihāro. Kiṃ yojayati [yojeti (sī.)] ?
Cattāro mahāpadesā buddhāpadeso saṅghāpadeso sambahulattherāpadeso [sampahula… (ka.)]
ekattherāpadeso. Ime cattāro mahāpadesā, tāni padabyañjanāni sutte otārayitabbāni, vinaye
sandassayitabbāni, dhammatāyaṃ upanikkhipitabbāni.
Katamasmiṃ sutte otārayitabbāni? Catūsu ariyasaccesu. Katamasmiṃ vinaye sandassayitabbāni?
Rāgavinaye dosavinaye mohavinaye. Katamissaṃ [katamiyaṃ (sī.)] dhammatāyaṃ upanikkhipitabbāni?
Paṭiccasamuppāde. Yadi catūsu ariyasaccesu avatarati, kilesavinaye sandissati, dhammatañca na
vilometi, evaṃ āsave na janeti. Catūhi mahāpadesehi yaṃ yaṃ yujjati, yena yena yujjati, yathā yathā
yujjati, taṃ taṃ gahetabbaṃ.
19 . Pañhaṃ pucchitena kati padāni pañheti padaso pariyogāhitabbaṃ vicetabbaṃ? Yadi sabbāni
padāni ekaṃ atthaṃ abhivadanti, eko pañho. Atha cattāri padāni ekaṃ atthaṃ abhivadanti, eko pañho.
Atha tīṇi padāni ekaṃ atthaṃ abhivadanti, eko pañho. Atha dve padāni ekaṃ atthaṃ abhivadanti, eko
pañho. Atha ekaṃ padaṃ ekaṃ atthaṃ abhivadati, eko pañho. Taṃ upaparikkhamānena aññātabbaṃ
kiṃ ime dhammā nānatthā nānābyañjanā, udāhu imesaṃ dhammānaṃ eko attho byañjanameva nānanti.
Yathā kiṃ bhave? Yathā sā devatā bhagavantaṃ pañhaṃ pucchati.
‘‘Kenassubbhāhato
[passa sa. ni. 1.66] loko, kenassu parivārito;
Kena sallena otiṇṇo, kissa dhūpāyito sadā’’ti.
Im āni catt āri pad āni pucchit āni. Te tayo pañh ā katha ṃ ñāyati? Bhagav ā hi devat āya visajjeti.

‘‘ Maccun ābbh āhato [maccunabbh āhato (ka.) therag ā. 448; sa ṃ . ni. 1.66 passitabba ṃ ]loko,
jarāya parivārito;
Taṇhāsallena otiṇṇo, icchādhūpāyito sadā’’ti.
20 . Tattha jarā ca maraṇañca imāni dve saṅkhatassa saṅkhatalakkhaṇāni. Jarāyaṃ ṭhitassa
aññathattaṃ, maraṇaṃ vayo. Tattha jarāya ca maraṇassa ca atthato nānattaṃ. Kena kāraṇena,
gabbhagatāpi hi mīyanti, na ca te jiṇṇā bhavanti. Atthi ca devānaṃ maraṇaṃ, na ca tesaṃ sarīrāni jīranti.
Sakkateva jarāya paṭikammaṃ kātuṃ, na pana sakkate maraṇassa paṭikammaṃ kātuṃ aññatreva
iddhimantānaṃ iddhivisayā. Yaṃ panāha taṇhāsallena otiṇṇoti dissanti vītarāgā jīrantāpi mīyantāpi.
Yadi ca yathā jarāmaraṇaṃ, evaṃ taṇhāpi siyā. Evaṃ sante sabbe yobbanaṭṭhāpi vigatataṇhā siyuṃ.
Yathā ca taṇhā dukkhassa samudayo, evaṃ jarāmaraṇampi siyā dukkhassa samudayo, na ca siyā taṇhā
dukkhassa samudayo, na hi jarāmaraṇaṃ dukkhassa samudayo, taṇhā dukkhassa samudayo. Yathā ca
taṇhā maggavajjhā, evaṃ jarāmaraṇampi siyā maggavajjhaṃ. Imāya yuttiyā aññamaññehi kāraṇehi
gavesitabbaṃ. Yadi ca sandissati yuttisamārūḷhaṃ atthato ca aññattaṃ, byañjanatopi gavesitabbaṃ.
Salloti vā dhūpāyananti vā imesaṃ dhammānaṃ atthato ekattaṃ. Na hi yujjati icchāya ca taṇhāya
ca atthato aññattaṃ. Taṇhāya adhippāye aparipūramāne navasu āghātavatthūsu kodho ca upanāho ca
uppajjati. Imāya yuttiyā jarāya ca maraṇassa ca taṇhāya ca atthato aññattaṃ.
Yaṃ panidaṃ bhagavatā dvīhi nāmehi abhilapitaṃ icchātipi taṇhātipi, idaṃ bhagavatā bāhirānaṃ
vatthūnaṃ ārammaṇavasena dvīhi nāmehi abhilapitaṃ icchātipi taṇhātipi, sabbā hi taṇhā
ajjhosānalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇā. Yathā sabbo aggi uṇhattalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇo, api ca
upādānavasena aññamaññāni nāmāni labhati, kaṭṭhaggītipi tiṇaggītipi sakalikaggītipi gomayaggītipi
thusaggītipi saṅkāraggītipi, sabbo hi aggi uṇhattalakkhaṇova. Evaṃ sabbā taṇhā ajjhosānalakkhaṇena
ekalakkhaṇā, api tu ārammaṇaupādānavasena aññamaññehi nāmehi abhilapitā icchāitipi taṇhāitipi
salloitipi dhūpāyanāitipi saritāitipi visattikāitipi sinehoitipi kilamathoitipi latāitipi maññanāitipi
bandhoitipi āsāitipi pipāsāitipi abhinandanāitipi, iti sabbā taṇhā ajjhosānalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇā.
Yathā ca vevacane vuttā.
‘‘Āsā ca pihā abhinandanā ca, anekadhātūsu sarā patiṭṭhitā;
Aññāṇamūlappabhavā pajappitā, sabbā mayā byantikatā samūlakā’’ti
[samūlikā (sī.)] .
Taṇhāyetaṃ vevacanaṃ. Yathāha bhagavā – rūpe tissa avigatarāgassa avigatacchandassa
avigatapemassa avigatapipāsassa avigatapariḷāhassa. Evaṃ vedanāya saññāya saṅkhāresu viññāṇe
avigatarāgassa avigatacchandassa avigatapemassa avigatapipāsassa avigatapariḷāhassa sabbaṃ suttaṃ
vitthāretabbaṃ. Taṇhāyetaṃ vevacanaṃ. Evaṃ yujjati.
21 . Sabbo dukkhūpacāro kāmataṇhāsaṅkhāramūlako, na pana yujjati sabbo nibbidūpacāro
kāmataṇhāparikkhāramūlako. Imāya yuttiyā aññamaññehi kāraṇehi gavesitabbaṃ.
Yathā hi [yathāha (sī.)] bhagavā rāgacaritassa puggalassa asubhaṃ desayati, dosacaritassa bhagavā
puggalassa mettaṃ desayati. Mohacaritassa bhagavā puggalassa paṭiccasamuppādaṃ desayati. Yadi hi
bhagavā rāgacaritassa puggalassa mettaṃ cetovimuttiṃ deseyya. Sukhaṃ vā paṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ
sukhaṃ vā paṭipadaṃ khippābhiññaṃ vipassanāpubbaṅgamaṃ vā pahānaṃ deseyya, na yujjati desanā.
Evaṃ yaṃ kiñci rāgassa anulomappahānaṃ dosassa anulomappahānaṃ mohassa anulomappahānaṃ.
Sabbaṃ taṃ vicayena hārena vicinitvā yuttihārena yojetabbaṃ. Yāvatikā ñāṇassa bhūmi.
Mettāvihārissa sato byāpādo cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatīti na yujjati desanā, byāpādo pahānaṃ
abbhatthaṃ gacchatīti yujjati desanā. Karuṇāvihārissa sato vihesā cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatīti na yujjati
desanā, vihesā pahānaṃ abbhatthaṃ gacchatīti yujjati desanā. Muditā vihārissa sato arati cittaṃ
pariyādāya ṭhassatīti na yujjati desanā, arati pahānaṃ abbhatthaṃ gacchatīti yujjati desanā.

Upekkh āvih ārissa sato r āgo citta ṃ pariy ādāya ṭhassat īti na yujjati desan ā, rāgo pah āna ṃ
abbhatthaṃ gacchatīti yujjati desanā. Animittavihārissa sato nimittānusārī tena teneva viññāṇaṃ
pavattatīti na yujjati desanā, nimittaṃ pahānaṃ abbhatthaṃ gacchatīti yujjati desanā. Asmīti vigataṃ
ayamahamasmīti na samanupassāmi. Atha ca pana me kismīti kathasmīti vicikicchā kathaṃkathāsallaṃ
cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatīti na yujjati desanā, vicikicchā kathaṃkathāsallaṃ pahānaṃ abbhatthaṃ
gacchatīti yujjati desanā.
Yathā vā pana paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa sato kāmarāgabyāpādā visesāya saṃvattantīti na
yujjati desanā, hānāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Vitakkasahagatā vā saññāmanasikārā hānāya
saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā, visesāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa
sato vitakkavicārasahagatā saññāmanasikārā visesāya saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā, hānāya
saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Upekkhāsukhasahagatā vā saññāmanasikārā hānāya saṃvattantīti na yujjati
desanā, visesāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa sato pītisukhasahagatā
saññāmanasikārā visesāya saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā, hānāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā,
upekkhāsatipārisuddhisahagatā vā saññāmanasikārā hānāya saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā, visesāya
saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa sato upekkhāsahagatā saññāmanasikārā
visesāya saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā, hānāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Ākāsānañcāyatanasahagatā
vā saññāmanasikārā hānāya saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā, visesāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā.
Ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassa sato rūpasahagatā saññāmanasikārā visesāya saṃvattantīti na
yujjati desanā, hānāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Viññāṇañcāyatanasahagatā vā saññāmanasikārā
hānāya saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā, visesāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ
samāpannassa sato ākāsānañcāyatanasahagatā saññāmanasikārā visesāya saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā,
hānāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Ākiñcaññāyatanasahagatā vā saññāmanasikārā hānāya saṃvattantīti
na yujjati desanā, visesāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā.
Ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa sato viññāṇañcāyatanasahagatā saññāmanasikārā visesāya
saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā, hānāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasahagatā
vā saññāmanasikārā hānāya saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā, visesāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā.
Nevasaññ ānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa sato saññūpacārā visesāya saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā,
hānāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Saññāvedayitanirodhasahagatā vā saññāmanasikārā hānāya
saṃvattantīti na yujjati desanā, visesāya saṃvattantīti yujjati desanā. Kallatāparicitaṃ cittaṃ na ca
abhinīhāraṃ khamatīti na yujjati desanā, kallatāparicitaṃ cittaṃ atha ca abhinīhāraṃ khamatīti yujjati
desanā.
Evaṃ sabbe navasuttantā yathādhammaṃ yathāvinayaṃ yathāsatthusāsanaṃ sabbato vicayena
hārena vicinitvā yuttihārena yojetabbāti. Tenāha āyasmā mahākaccāyano ‘‘sabbesaṃ hārānaṃ yā bhūmi
yo ca gocaro tesa’’nti.
Niyutto yutti hāro.
4. Padaṭṭhānahāravibhaṅgo
22 . Tattha katamo padaṭṭhāno hāro? ‘‘Dhammaṃ deseti jino’’ti, ayaṃ padaṭṭhāno hāro. Kiṃ deseti?
Sabbadhammayāthāvaasampaṭivedhalakkhaṇā avijjā, tassā vipallāsā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ajjhosānalakkhaṇā
taṇhā, tassā piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Patthanalakkhaṇo lobho, tassa adinnādānaṃ
padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vaṇṇasaṇṭhānabyañjanaggahaṇalakkhaṇā subhasaññā, tassā indriyā saṃvaro padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Sāsavaphassaupagamanalakkhaṇā sukhasaññā, tassā assādo padaṭṭhānaṃ. Saṅkhatalakkhaṇānaṃ
dhammānaṃ asamanupassanalakkhaṇā niccasaññā, tassā viññāṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Aniccasaññādukkhasaññāasamanupassanalakkhaṇā attasaññā, tassā nāmakāyo padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Sabbadhammasampa ṭivedhalakkha ṇā vijj ā, tass ā sabba ṃ neyya ṃ pada ṭṭ hāna ṃ .

Cittavikkhepapa ṭisa ṃ hara ṇalakkha ṇo samatho, tassa asubh ā pada ṭṭ hāna ṃ .
Icchāvacarapaṭisaṃharaṇalakkhaṇo alobho, tassa adinnādānā veramaṇī [veramaṇi (ka.)] padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Abyāpajjalakkhaṇo adoso, tassa pāṇātipātā veramaṇī padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vatthuavippaṭipattilakkhaṇo
[vatthuavippaṭipādānalakkhaṇo (sī. ka.)] amoho, tassa sammāpaṭipatti padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Vinīlakavipubbakagahaṇalakkhaṇā asubhasaññā, tassā nibbidā padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Sāsavaphassaparijānanalakkhaṇā dukkhasaññā, tassā vedanā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Saṅkhatalakkhaṇānaṃ
dhammānaṃ samanupassanalakkhaṇā aniccasaññā, tassā uppādavayā padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Sabbadhammaabhinivesalakkhaṇā anattasaññā, tassā dhammasaññā padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Pañca kāmaguṇā kāmarāgassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, pañcindriyāni rūpīni rūparāgassa padaṭṭhānaṃ,
chaṭṭhāyatanaṃ bhavarāgassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, nibbattabhavānupassitā pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ
padaṭṭhānaṃ, pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇadassanassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Okappanalakkhaṇā saddhā
adhimuttipaccupaṭṭhānā ca, anāvilalakkhaṇo pasādo sampasīdanapaccupaṭṭhāno ca.
Abhipatthiyanalakkhaṇā saddhā, tassā aveccapasādo padaṭṭhānaṃ. Anāvilalakkhaṇo pasādo, tassa
saddhā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ārambhalakkhaṇaṃ vīriyaṃ, tassa sammappadhānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Apilāpanalakkhaṇā sati, tassā satipaṭṭhānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ekaggalakkhaṇo samādhi, tassa jhānāni
padaṭṭhānaṃ. Pajānanalakkhaṇā paññā, tassā saccāni padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Aparo nayo, assādamanasikāralakkhaṇo ayonisomanasikāro, tassa avijjā padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Saccasammohanalakkhaṇā avijjā, sā saṅkhārānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Punabbhavavirohaṇalakkhaṇā saṅkhārā,
te
[taṃ (ka.)] viññāṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Opapaccayikanibbattilakkhaṇaṃ viññāṇaṃ, taṃ nāmarūpassa
padaṭṭhānaṃ. Nāmakāyarūpakāyasaṅghātalakkhaṇaṃ nāmarūpaṃ, taṃ chaḷāyatanassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Indriyavavatthānalakkhaṇaṃ chaḷāyatanaṃ, taṃ phassassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Cakkhurūpaviññāṇasannipātalakkhaṇo phasso, so vedanāya padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Iṭṭhāniṭṭhaanubhavanalakkhaṇā vedanā, sā taṇhāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ajjhosānalakkhaṇā taṇhā, sā
upādānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Opapaccayikaṃ upādānaṃ, taṃ bhavassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.
N āmakāyarūpakāyasambhavanalakkhaṇo bhavo, so jātiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Khandhapātubhavanalakkhaṇā
jāti, sā jarāya padaṭṭhānaṃ. Upadhiparipākalakkhaṇā jarā, sā maraṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Jīvitindriyupacchedalakkhaṇaṃ maraṇaṃ, taṃ sokassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Ussukkakārako soko, so
paridevassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Lālappakārako paridevo, so dukkhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Kāyasaṃpīḷanaṃ
dukkhaṃ, taṃ domanassassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Cittasaṃpīḷanaṃ domanassaṃ, taṃ upāyāsassa padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Odahanakārako upāyāso, so bhavassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Imāni bhavaṅgāni yadā samaggāni nibbattāni
bhavanti so bhavo, taṃ saṃsārassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Niyyānikalakkhaṇo maggo, so nirodhassa
padaṭṭhānaṃ.
Titthaññutā pītaññutāya padaṭṭhānaṃ, pītaññutā pattaññutāya
[mattaññutāya (sī. ka.)] padaṭṭhānaṃ,
pattaññutā attaññutāya padaṭṭhānaṃ, attaññutā pubbekatapuññatāya padaṭṭhānaṃ, pubbekatapuññatā
patirūpadesavāsassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, patirūpadesavāso sappurisūpanissayassa padaṭṭhānaṃ,
sappurisūpanissayo attasammāpaṇidhānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, attasammāpaṇidhānaṃ sīlānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ,
sīlāni avippaṭisārassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, avippaṭisāro pāmojjassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, pāmojjaṃ pītiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ,
pīti passaddhiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ, passaddhi sukhassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, sukhaṃ samādhissa padaṭṭhānaṃ,
samādhi yathābhūtañāṇadassanassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ nibbidāya padaṭṭhānaṃ,
nibbidā virāgassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, virāgo vimuttiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Vimutti vimuttiñāṇadassanassa
padaṭṭhānaṃ. Evaṃ yo koci upanissayo yo koci paccayo, sabbo so padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tenāha āyasmā
mahākaccāyano ‘‘dhammaṃ deseti jino’’ti.
Niyutto padaṭṭhāno hāro.
5. Lakkhaṇahāravibhaṅgo
23 . Tattha katamo lakkhaṇo hāro? ‘‘Vuttamhi ekadhamme’’ti, ayaṃ lakkhaṇo hāro. Kiṃ

lakkhayati? Ye dhamm ā ekalakkha ṇā , tesa ṃ dhamm āna ṃ ekasmi ṃ dhamme vutte avasi ṭṭ hā
dhammā vuttā bhavanti. Yathā kiṃ bhave? Yathāha bhagavā –
‘‘Cakkhuṃ, bhikkhave, anavaṭṭhitaṃ ittaraṃ parittaṃ pabhaṅgu parato dukkhaṃ byasanaṃ
calanaṃ [calaṃ (sī.)] kukkuḷaṃ saṅkhāraṃ [sasaṅkhāraṃ (ka.)] vadhakaṃ amittamajjhe. Imasmiṃ
cakkhusmiṃ vutte avasiṭṭhāni ajjhattikāni āyatanāni vuttāni bhavanti. Kena kāraṇena? Sabbāni hi cha
ajjhattikāni āyatanāni vadhakaṭṭhena ekalakkhaṇāni. Yathā cāha bhagavā –
‘‘Atīte, rādha, rūpe anapekkho hohi, anāgataṃ rūpaṃ mā abhinandi [abhinanda (ka.)] ,
paccuppannassa rūpassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya cāgāya paṭinissaggāya paṭipajja. Imasmiṃ
rūpakkhandhe vutte avasiṭṭhā khandhā vuttā bhavanti. Kena kāraṇena? Sabbe hi pañcakkhandhā
yamakovādasutte
[passa saṃ. ni. 3.84] vadhakaṭṭhena ekalakkhaṇā vuttā. Yathā cāha bhagavā –
‘‘Yesañca [passa dha. pa. 293] susamāraddhā, niccaṃ kāyagatāsati;
Akiccaṃ te na sevanti, kicce sātaccakārino’’.
Iti kāyagatāya satiyā vuttāya vuttā bhavanti vedanāgatā sati cittagatā dhammagatā ca. Tathā yaṃ
kiñci diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā mutaṃ vāti vutte vuttaṃ bhavati viññātaṃ. Yathā cāha bhagavā –
Tasmātiha tvaṃ bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharāhi ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke
abhijjhādomanassaṃ. ‘‘Ātāpī’’ti vīriyindriyaṃ, ‘‘sampajāno’’ ti paññindriyaṃ, ‘‘satimā’’ ti
satindriyaṃ, ‘‘vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassa’’ nti samādhindriyaṃ, evaṃ kāye kāyānupassino
viharato cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. Kena kāraṇena, ekalakkhaṇattā catunnaṃ
indriyānaṃ.
24 . Catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu bhāviyamānesu cattāro sammappadhānā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti,
catūsu sammappadhānesu bhāviyamānesu cattāro iddhipādā bhāviyamānesu pañcindriyāni
bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, catūsu iddhipādesu bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, pañcasu indriyesu
bhāviyamānesu pañca balāni bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, pañcasu balesu bhāviyamānesu satta
bojjhaṅgā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, sattasu bojjhaṅgesu bhāviyamānesu ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo
bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati, sabbeva
[sabbe ca (sī. ka.)] bodhaṅgamā dhammā bodhipakkhiyā
bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. Kena kāraṇena, sabbe hi bodhaṅgamā bodhipakkhiyā
neyyānikalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇā, te ekalakkhaṇattā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
Evaṃ akusalāpi dhammā ekalakkhaṇattā pahānaṃ abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. Catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu
bhāviyamānesu vipallāsā pahīyanti, āhārā cassa pariññaṃ gacchanti, upādānehi anupādāno bhavati,
yogehi ca visaṃyutto bhavati, ganthehi ca vippayutto bhavati, āsavehi ca anāsavo bhavati, oghehi ca
nitthiṇṇo bhavati, sallehi ca visallo bhavati, viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo cassa pariññaṃ gacchanti, agatigamanehi na
agatiṃ gacchati, evaṃ akusalāpi dhammā ekalakkhaṇattā pahānaṃ abbhatthaṃ gacchanti.
Yattha vā pana rūpindriyaṃ desitaṃ, desitā tattheva rūpadhātu rūpakkhandho rūpañcāyatanaṃ.
Yattha vā pana sukhā vedanā desitā, desitaṃ tattha sukhindriyaṃ somanassindriyaṃ dukkhasamudayo
ca ariyasaccaṃ. Yattha vā pana dukkhā vedanā desitā, desitaṃ tattha dukkhindriyaṃ domanassindriyaṃ
dukkhañca ariyasaccaṃ. Yattha vā pana adukkhamasukhā vedanā desitā, desitaṃ tattha upekkhindriyaṃ
sabbo ca paṭiccasamuppādo. Kena kāraṇena, adukkhamasukhāya hi vedanāya avijjā anuseti.
Avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ, nāmarūpapaccayā
saḷāyatanaṃ, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā, taṇhāpaccayā
upādānaṃ, upādānapaccayā bhavo, bhavapaccayā jāti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ
sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti, evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa
samudayo hoti. So ca sarāgasadosasamohasaṃkilesapakkhena hātabbo,
vītarāgavītadosavītamohaariyadhammehi hātabbo.

Eva ṃ ye dhamm ā ekalakkha ṇā kiccato ca lakkha ṇato ca s āmaññato ca cut ūpap ātato ca, tesa ṃ
dhammānaṃ ekasmiṃ dhamme vutte avasiṭṭhā dhammā vuttā bhavanti. Tenāha āyasmā mahākaccāyano
‘‘vuttamhi ekadhamme’’ti.
Niyutto lakkhaṇo hāro.
6. Catubyūhahāravibhaṅgo
25 . Tattha katamo catubyūho hāro? ‘‘Neruttamadhippāyo’’ti ayaṃ. Byañjanena suttassa neruttañca
adhippāyo ca nidānañca pubbāparasandhi ca gavesitabbo. Tattha katamaṃ neruttaṃ, yā
niruttipadasaṃhitā, yaṃ dhammānaṃ nāmaso ñāṇaṃ. Yadā hi bhikkhu atthassa ca nāmaṃ jānāti,
dhammassa ca nāmaṃ jānāti, tathā tathā naṃ abhiniropeti. Ayañca vuccati atthakusalo dhammakusalo
byañjanakusalo niruttikusalo pubbāparakusalo desanākusalo atītādhivacanakusalo
anāgatādhivacanakusalo paccuppannādhivacanakusalo itthādhivacanakusalo purisādhivacanakusalo
napuṃsakādhivacanakusalo ekādhivacanakusalo anekādhivacanakusalo, evaṃ sabbāni kātabbāni
janapadanirutt āni sabbā ca janapadaniruttiyo. Ayaṃ niruttipadasaṃhitā.
26 . Tattha katamo adhippāyo?
‘‘Dhammo have rakkhati dhammacāriṃ, chattaṃ mahantaṃ yatha vassakāle [viya vassakāle
jā. 1.10.103] ;
Esānisaṃso dhamme suciṇṇe, na duggatiṃ gacchati dhammacārī’’ti.
Idha bhagavato ko adhippāyo? Ye apāyehi parimuccitukāmā bhavissanti, te dhammacārino
bhavissantīti ayaṃ ettha bhagavato adhippāyo.
‘‘Coro yathā sandhimukhe gahīto, sakammunā haññati [haññate (sī.)] bajjhate ca;
Evaṃ ayaṃ pecca pajā parattha, sakammunā haññati [haññate (sī.)] bajjhate cā’’ti.
Idha bhagavato ko adhippāyo? Sañcetanikānaṃ katānaṃ kammānaṃ upacitānaṃ
dukkhavedanīyānaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ asātaṃ vipākaṃ paccanubhavissatīti ayaṃ ettha bhagavato adhippāyo.
‘‘Sukhakāmāni [passa dha. pa. 131-132] bhūtāni, yo daṇḍena vihiṃsati;
Attano sukhamesāno, pecca so na labhate sukha’’nti.
Idha bhagavato ko adhippāyo? Ye sukhena atthikā bhavissanti, te pāpakammaṃ [pāpakaṃ
kammaṃ (ka.)] na karissantīti ayaṃ ettha bhagavato adhippāyo.
‘‘Middhī [passa dha. pa. 325] yadā hoti mahagghaso ca, niddāyitā samparivattasāyī;
Mahāvarāhova nivāpapuṭṭho, punappunaṃ gabbhamupeti mando’’ti.
Idha bhagavato ko adhippāyo? Ye jarāmaraṇena aṭṭiyitukāmā bhavissanti, te bhavissanti bhojane
mattaññuno indriyesu guttadvārā pubbarattāpararattaṃ jāgariyānuyogamanuyuttā vipassakā kusalesu
dhammesu sagāravā ca sabrahmacārīsu theresu navesu majjhimesūti ayaṃ ettha bhagavato adhippāyo.
‘‘Appamādo amatapadaṃ [amataṃ padaṃ (ka.) passa dha. pa. 21] , pamādo maccuno padaṃ;
Appamattā na mīyanti, ye pamattā yathā matā’’ti.
Idha bhagavato ko adhippāyo? Ye amatapariyesanaṃ pariyesitukāmā bhavissanti, te appamattā
viharissantīti ayaṃ ettha bhagavato adhippāyo. Ayaṃ adhippāyo.

27 . Tattha katama ṃ nid āna ṃ? Yath ā so dhaniyo gop ālako bhagavanta ṃ ā ha –
‘‘Nandati puttehi puttimā, gomā [gomiko (sī.), gopiko (ka.) su. ni. 33; saṃ. ni. 1.144
passitabbaṃ]gohi tatheva nandati;
Upadhī hi narassa nandanā, na hi so nandati yo nirūpadhī’’ti.
Bhagavā āha –
‘‘Socati puttehi puttimā, gopiko [gomiko (sī.)] gohi tatheva socati;
Upadhī hi narassa socanā, na hi so socati yo nirūpadhī’’ti.
Iminā vatthunā iminā nidānena evaṃ ñāyati ‘‘idha bhagavā bāhiraṃ pariggahaṃ upadhi āhā’’ti.
Yathā ca māro pāpimā gijjhakūṭā pabbatā puthusilaṃ pātesi, bhagavā āha –
‘‘Sacepi kevalaṃ sabbaṃ, gijjhakūṭaṃ calessasi [caleyyāsi (ka.) passa saṃ. ni. 1.147] ;
Neva sammāvimuttānaṃ, buddhānaṃ atthi iñjitaṃ.
Nabhaṃ phaleyyappathavī caleyya, sabbeva pāṇā uda santaseyyuṃ;
Sallampi ce urasi kampayeyyuṃ
[pakampayeyyuṃ (sī.), kappayeyyuṃ (ka.)] , upadhīsu tāṇaṃ
na karonti buddhā’’ti.
Iminā vatthunā iminā nidānena evaṃ ñāyati ‘‘idha bhagavā kāyaṃ upadhiṃ āhā’’ti. Yathā cāha –
‘‘Na taṃ daḷhaṃ bandhanamāhu dhīrā, yadāyasaṃ dārujapabbajañca [dārujaṃ babbajañca (sī.)
passa dha. pa. 345] ;
Sārattarattā maṇikuṇḍalesu, puttesu dāresu ca yā apekkhā’’ti.
Iminā vatthunā iminā nidānena evaṃ ñāyati ‘‘idha bhagavā bāhiresu vatthūsu taṇhaṃ āhā’’ti. Yathā
cāha –
‘‘Etaṃ daḷhaṃ bandhanamāhu dhīrā, ohārinaṃ sithilaṃ duppamuñcaṃ;
Etampi chetvāna paribbajanti, anapekkhino kāmasukhaṃ pahāyā’’ti.
Iminā vatthunā iminā nidānena evaṃ ñāyati ‘‘idha bhagavā bāhiravatthukāya taṇhāya pahānaṃ
āhā’’ti. Yathā cāha –
‘‘Āturaṃ asuciṃ pūtiṃ, duggandhaṃ dehanissitaṃ;
Paggharantaṃ divā rattiṃ, bālānaṃ abhinandita’’nti.
Iminā vatthunā iminā nidānena evaṃ ñāyati ‘‘idha bhagavā ajjhattikavatthukāya taṇhāya pahānaṃ
āhā’’ti. Yathā cāha –
‘‘Ucchinda
[passa dha. pa. 285] sinehamattano, kumudaṃ sāradikaṃva pāṇinā;
Santimaggameva brūhaya, nibbānaṃ sugatena desita’’nti.
Iminā vatthunā iminā nidānena evaṃ ñāyati ‘‘idha bhagavā ajjhattikavatthukāya taṇhāya pahānaṃ
āhā’’ti. Idaṃ nidānaṃ.
Tattha katamo pubbāparasandhi. Yathāha –

‘‘ Kāmandh ā jālasañchann ā, ta ṇhāchadanach ādit ā;
Pamattabandhanā [pamattabandhunā udā. 64] baddhā [bandhā (ka.) passa udā. 64] , macchāva
kumināmukhe;
Jarāmaraṇamanventi, vaccho khīrapakova mātara’’nti.
Ayaṃ kāmataṇhā vuttā. Sā katamena pubbāparena yujjati? Yathāha –
‘‘Ratto atthaṃ na jānāti, ratto dhammaṃ na passati;
Andhantamaṃ tadā hoti, yaṃ rāgo sahate nara’’nti.
Iti andhatāya ca sañchannatāya ca sāyeva taṇhā abhilapitā. Yañcāha kāmandhā jālasañchannā,
taṇhāchadanachāditāti. Yañcāha ratto atthaṃ na jānāti, ratto dhammaṃ na passatīti, imehi padehi
pariyuṭṭhānehi sāyeva taṇhā abhilapitā. Yaṃ andhakāraṃ, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo, yā ca taṇhā
ponobhavikā, yañcāha kāmāti ime kilesakāmā. Yañcāha jālasañchannāti tesaṃ yeva kāmānaṃ payogena
pariyuṭṭhānaṃ dasseti, tasmā kilesavasena ca pariyuṭṭhānavasena ca taṇhābandhanaṃ vuttaṃ. Ye
edisikā, te jarāmaraṇaṃ anventi, ayaṃ bhagavatā yathānikkhittagāthābalena dassitā
jar āmaraṇamanventīti.
‘‘Yassa papañcā ṭhitī ca natthi, sandānaṃ palighañca [paḷighañca (sī.) passa udā. 67] vītivatto;
Taṃ nittaṇhaṃ muniṃ carantaṃ, na vijānāti sadevakopi loko’’ti.
Papañcā nāma taṇhādiṭṭhimānā, tadabhisaṅkhatā ca saṅkhārā. Ṭhiti nāma anusayā. Sandānaṃ nāma
taṇhāya pariyuṭṭhānaṃ, yāni chattiṃsataṇhāya jāliniyā vicaritāni. Paligho nāma moho. Ye ca papañcā
saṅkhārā yā ca ṭhiti yaṃ sandānañca yaṃ palighañca yo etaṃ sabbaṃ samatikkanto, ayaṃ vuccati
nittaṇho iti.
28 . Tattha pariyuṭṭhānasaṅkhārā diṭṭhadhammavedanīyā vā upapajjavedanīyā vā
aparāpariyavedanīyā vā, evaṃ taṇhā tividhaṃ phalaṃ deti diṭṭhe vā dhamme upapajje vā apare vā
pariyāye. Evaṃ bhagavā āha ‘‘yaṃ lobhapakataṃ kammaṃ karoti kāyena vā vācāya vā manasā vā, tassa
vipākaṃ anubhoti diṭṭhe vā dhamme upapajje vā apare vā pariyāye’’ti. Idaṃ bhagavato pubbāparena
yujjati. Tattha pariyuṭṭhānaṃ diṭṭhadhammavedanīyaṃ vā kammaṃ upapajjavedanīyaṃ vā kammaṃ
aparāpariyāyavedanīyaṃ [aparāpariyavedanīyaṃ (sī.)] vā kammaṃ, evaṃ kammaṃ tidhā vipaccati
diṭṭhe vā dhamme upapajje vā apare vā pariyāye. Yathāha –
‘‘Yañce bālo idha pāṇātipātī hoti…pe… micchādiṭṭhi hoti, tassa diṭṭhe vā dhamme vipākaṃ
paṭisaṃvedeti upapajje vā apare vā pariyāye’’ti. Idaṃ bhagavato pubbāparena yujjati. Tattha
pariyuṭṭhānaṃ paṭisaṅkhānabalena pahātabbaṃ, saṅkhārā dassanabalena, chattiṃsa taṇhāvicaritāni
bhāvanābalena pahātabbānīti evaṃ taṇhāpi tidhā pahīyati. Yā nittaṇhātā ayaṃ saupādisesā
nibbānadhātu. Bhedā kāyassa ayaṃ anupādisesā nibbānadhātu.
Papañco nāma vuccati anubandho. Yañcāha bhagavā ‘‘papañceti atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ
cakkhuviññeyyaṃ rūpaṃ ārabbhā’’ti. Yañcāha bhagavā – ‘‘atīte, rādha, rūpe anapekkho hohi, anāgataṃ
rūpaṃ mā abhinandi, paccuppannassa rūpassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭinissaggāya paṭipajjā’’ti.
Idaṃ bhagavato pubbāparena yujjati. Yo cāpi papañco ye ca saṅkhārā yā ca atītānāgatapaccuppannassa
abhinandanā, idaṃ ekatthaṃ. Api ca aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi akkharehi aññamaññehi
byañjanehi aparimāṇā dhammadesanā vuttā bhagavatā. Evaṃ suttena suttaṃ saṃsandayitvā
pubbāparena saddhiṃ yojayitvā suttaṃ niddiṭṭhaṃ bhavati.
So cāyaṃ
[sa cāyaṃ (sī.)] pubbāparo sandhi catubbidho atthasandhi byañjanasandhi desanāsandhi
niddesasandh īti.

Tattha atthasandhi chappad āni sa ṅkāsan ā pak āsan ā vivara ṇā vibhajan ā utt ānīkammat ā paññatt īti.
Byañjanasandhi chappadāni akkharaṃ padaṃ byañjanaṃ ākāro nirutti niddesoti.
Desanāsandhi na ca pathaviṃ nissāya jhāyati jhāyī jhāyati ca. Na ca āpaṃ nissāya jhāyati jhāyī
jh āyati ca, na ca tejaṃ nissāya jhāyati jhāyī jhāyati ca, na ca vāyuṃ nissāya jhāyati jhāyī jhāyati ca. Na
ca ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ nissāya…pe… na ca viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ nissāya…pe… na ca ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ
nissāya…pe… na ca nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ nissāya…pe… na ca imaṃ lokaṃ nissāya…pe… na ca
paralokaṃ nissāya jhāyati jhāyī jhāyati ca. Yamidaṃ ubhayamantarena diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ
pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ vitakkitaṃ vicāritaṃ manasānucintitaṃ, tampi nissāya na jhāyati jhāyī jhāyati ca.
Ayaṃ sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anissitena
cittena na ñāyati jhāyanto.
Yathā māro pāpimā godhikassa kulaputtassa [passa saṃ. ni. 1.159] viññāṇaṃ samanvesanto na
jānāti na passati. So hi papañcātīto taṇhāpahānena diṭṭhinissayopissa natthi. Yathā ca godhikassa, evaṃ
vakkalissa sadevakena lokena samārakena sabrahmakena sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya
sadevamanussāya anissitacittā na ñāyanti jhāyamānā. Ayaṃ desanāsandhi.
Tattha katamā niddesasandhi? Nissitacittā akusalapakkhena niddisitabbā, anissitacittā
kusalapakkhena niddisitabbā. Nissitacittā kilesena niddisitabbā, anissitacittā vodānena niddisitabbā.
Nissitacitt ā saṃsārappavattiyā niddisitabbā, anissitacittā saṃsāranivattiyā niddisitabbā. Nissitacittā
taṇhāya ca avijjāya ca niddisitabbā, anissitacittā samathena ca vipassanāya ca niddisitabbā. Nissitacittā
ahirikena ca anottappena ca niddisitabbā, anissitacittā hiriyā ca ottappena ca niddisitabbā. Nissitacittā
asatiyā ca asampajaññena ca niddisitabbā, anissitacittā satiyā ca sampajaññena ca niddisitabbā.
Nissitacitt ā ayoniyā ca ayonisomanasikārena ca niddisitabbā, anissitacittā yoniyā ca yonisomanasikārena
ca niddisitabbā. Nissitacittā kosajjena ca dovacassena ca niddisitabbā, anissitacittā vīriyārambhena ca
sovacassena ca niddisitabbā. Nissitacittā assaddhiyena ca pamādena ca niddisitabbā, anissitacittā
saddhāya ca appamādena ca niddisitabbā. Nissitacittā asaddhammassavanena ca asaṃvaraṇena ca
niddisitabbā, anissitacittā saddhammassavanena ca saṃvarena ca niddisitabbā. Nissitacittā abhijjhāya ca
byāpādena ca niddisitabbā, anissitacittā anabhijjhāya ca abyāpādena ca niddisitabbā. Nissitacittā
nīvaraṇehi ca saṃyojaniyehi ca niddisitabbā, anissitacittā rāgavirāgāya ca cetovimuttiyā avijjāvirāgāya
ca paññāvimuttiyā niddisitabbā. Nissitacittā ucchedadiṭṭhiyā ca sassatadiṭṭhiyā ca niddisitabbā,
anissitacittā saupādisesāya ca anupādisesāya ca nibbānadhātuyā niddisitabbā. Ayaṃ niddesasandhi.
Tenāha āyasmā mahākaccāyano ‘‘neruttamadhippāyo’’ti.
Niyutto catubyūho hāro.
7. Āvaṭṭahāravibhaṅgo
29 . Tattha katamo āvaṭṭo hāro? ‘‘Ekamhi padaṭṭhāne’’ti ayaṃ.
‘‘Ārambhatha [ārabbhatha (sī.) saṃ. ni. 1.185; theragā. 256 passitabbaṃ]nikkamatha,
yuñjatha buddhasāsane;
Dhunātha maccuno senaṃ, naḷāgāraṃva kuñjaro’’ti.
‘‘Ārambhatha nikkamathā’’ti vīriyassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Yuñjatha buddhasāsane’’ti samādhissa
padaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Dhunātha maccuno senaṃ, naḷāgāraṃva kuñjaro’’ti paññāya padaṭṭhānaṃ.
‘‘Ārambhatha nikkamathā’’ti vīriyindriyassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Yuñjatha buddhasāsane’’ti
samādhindriyassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Dhunātha maccuno senaṃ, naḷāgāraṃva kuñjaro’’ti paññindriyassa
padaṭṭhānaṃ. Imāni padaṭṭhānāni desanā.

Ayuñjant āna ṃ vā satt āna ṃ yoge, yuñjant āna ṃ vā ā rambho.
Tattha ye na yuñjanti, te pamādamūlakā na yuñjanti. So pamādo duvidho taṇhāmūlako
avijjāmūlako ca. Tattha avijjāmūlako yena aññāṇena nivuto ñeyyaṭṭhānaṃ nappajānāti pañcakkhandhā
uppādavayadhammāti, ayaṃ avijjāmūlako. Yo taṇhāmūlako, so tividho anuppannānaṃ bhogānaṃ
uppādāya pariyesanto pamādaṃ āpajjati, uppannānaṃ bhogānaṃ ārakkhanimittaṃ paribhoganimittañca
pamādaṃ āpajjati ayaṃ loke catubbidho pamādo ekavidho avijjāya tividho taṇhāya. Tattha avijjāya
nāmakāyo padaṭṭhānaṃ. Taṇhāya rūpakāyo padaṭṭhānaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu, rūpīsu bhavesu ajjhosānaṃ,
arūpīsu sammoho? Tattha rūpakāyo rūpakkhandho nāmakāyo cattāro arūpino khandhā. Ime
pañcakkhandhā katamena upādānena saupādānā, taṇhāya ca avijjāya ca? Tattha taṇhā dve upādānāni
kāmupādānañca sīlabbatupādānañca. Avijjā dve upādānāni diṭṭhupādānañca attavādupādānañca. Imehi
catūhi upādānehi ye saupādānā khandhā, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Cattāri upādānāni, ayaṃ samudayo.
Pañcakkhandhā dukkhaṃ. Tesaṃ bhagavā pariññāya pahānāya ca dhammaṃ deseti dukkhassa
pariññāya samudayassa pahānāya.
30 . Tattha yo tividho taṇhāmūlako pamādo anuppannānaṃ bhogānaṃ uppādāya pariyesati,
uppannānaṃ bhogānaṃ ārakkhaṇañca karoti paribhoganimittañca, tassa sampaṭivedhena rakkhaṇā
paṭisaṃharaṇā, ayaṃ samatho.
So kathaṃ bhavati? Yadā jānāti kāmānaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca
nissaraṇato okārañca saṃkilesañca vodānañca nekkhamme ca ānisaṃsaṃ. Tattha yā vīmaṃsā
upaparikkhā ayaṃ vipassanā. Ime dve dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti samatho ca vipassanā ca.
Imesu dvīsu dhammesu bhāviyamānesu dve dhammā pahīyanti taṇhā ca avijjā ca, imesu dvīsu
dhammesu pahīnesu cattāri upādānāni nirujjhanti. Upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho, bhavanirodhā
jātinirodho, jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa
kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Iti purimakāni ca dve saccāni dukkhaṃ samudayo ca,
samatho ca vipassanā ca maggo. Bhavanirodho nibbānaṃ imāni cattāri saccāni. Tenāha bhagavā
‘‘ārambhatha nikkamathā’’ti.
Yathāpi mūle anupaddave daḷhe, chinnopi rukkho punareva
[punadeva (ka.) passa dha. pa.
338] rūhati;
Evampi taṇhānusaye anūhate, nibbattatī dukkhamidaṃ punappunaṃ.
Ayaṃ taṇhānusayo. Katamassā taṇhāya? Bhavataṇhāya. Yo etassa dhammassa paccayo ayaṃ
avijjā. Avijjāpaccayā hi bhavataṇhā. Ime dve kilesā taṇhā ca avijjā ca. Tāni cattāri upādānāni tehi catūhi
upādānehi ye saupādānā khandhā, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Cattāri upādānāni ayaṃ samudayo. Pañcakkhandhā
dukkhaṃ. Tesaṃ bhagavā pariññāya ca pahānāya ca dhammaṃ deseti dukkhassa pariññāya
samudayassa pahānāya.
Yena taṇhānusayaṃ samūhanati
[samūhanti (sī.)] , ayaṃ samatho. Yena taṇhānusayassa paccayaṃ
avijjaṃ vārayati, ayaṃ vipassanā. Ime dve dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti samatho ca vipassanā
ca. Tattha samathassa phalaṃ rāgavirāgā cetovimutti, vipassanāya phalaṃ avijjāvirāgā paññāvimutti. Iti
purimakāni ca dve saccāni dukkhaṃ samudayo ca, samatho vipassanā ca maggo, dve ca vimuttiyo
nirodho. Imāni cattāri saccāni. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘yathāpi mūle’’ti.
‘‘Sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṃ, kusalassa upasampadā;
Sacittapariyodāpanaṃ
[pariyodapanaṃ (sī.) dha. pa. 183; dī. ni. 2.90 passitabbaṃ], etaṃ
buddhāna sāsana’’nti.
Sabbapāpaṃ nāma tīṇi duccaritāni kāyaduccaritaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ manoduccaritaṃ, te dasa
akusalakammapath ā pāṇā tip āto adinn ādāna ṃ kāmesumicch ācāro mus āvādo pisu ṇā vācā pharus ā vācā

samphappal āpo abhijjh ā by āpādo micch ādi ṭṭ hi, t āni dve kamm āni cetan ā cetasikañca. Tattha yo ca
pāṇātipāto yā ca pisuṇā vācā yā ca pharusā vācā, idaṃ dosasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Yañca adinnādānaṃ yo ca
kāmesumicchācāro yo ca musāvādo, idaṃ lobhasamuṭṭhānaṃ, yo samphappalāpo, idaṃ
mohasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Imāni satta kāraṇāni cetanākammaṃ. Yā abhijjhā, ayaṃ lobho akusalamūlaṃ. Yo
byāpādo, ayaṃ doso akusalamūlaṃ. Yā micchādiṭṭhi, ayaṃ micchāmaggo. Imāni tīṇi kāraṇāni
cetasikakammaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘cetanākammaṃ cetasikakamma’’nti.
Akusalamūlaṃ payogaṃ gacchantaṃ catubbidhaṃ agatiṃ gacchati chandā dosā bhayā mohā.
Tattha yaṃ chandā agatiṃ gacchati, idaṃ lobhasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Yaṃ dosā agatiṃ gacchati, idaṃ
dosasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Yaṃ bhayā ca mohā ca agatiṃ gacchati, idaṃ mohasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Tattha lobho
asubhāya pahīyati. Doso mettāya. Moho paññāya. Tathā lobho upekkhāya pahīyati. Doso mettāya ca
karuṇāya ca. Moho muditāya pahānaṃ abbhatthaṃ gacchati. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘sabbapāpassa
akaraṇa’’nti.
31 . Sabbapāpaṃ nāma aṭṭha micchattāni micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā
micchākammanto micchāājīvo micchāvāyāmo micchāsati micchāsamādhi, idaṃ vuccati sabbapāpaṃ.
Imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ micchattānaṃ yā akiriyā akaraṇaṃ anajjhācāro, idaṃ vuccati sabbapāpassa
akaraṇaṃ.
Aṭṭhasu micchattesu pahīnesu aṭṭha sammattāni sampajjanti. Aṭṭhannaṃ sammattānaṃ yā kiriyā
karaṇaṃ sampādanaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati kusalassa upasampadā. Sacittapariyodāpananti atītassa maggassa
bhāvanākiriyaṃ dassayati, citte pariyodāpite
[pariyodapite (sī. ka.)] pañcakkhandhā pariyodāpitā
bhavanti, evañhi bhagavā āha ‘‘cetovisuddhatthaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgate brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’’ti.
Duvidhā hi pariyodāpanā nīvaraṇappahānañca anusayasamugghāto ca. Dve pariyodāpanabhūmiyo
dassanabhūmi ca, bhāvanābhūmi ca, tattha yaṃ paṭivedhena pariyodāpeti, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yato
pariyodāpeti, ayaṃ samudayo. Yena pariyodāpeti, ayaṃ maggo. Yaṃ pariyodāpitaṃ, ayaṃ nirodho.
Imāni cattāri saccāni. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘sabbapāpassa akaraṇa’’nti.
‘‘Dhammo have rakkhati dhammacāriṃ, chattaṃ mahantaṃ yatha vassakāle;
Esānisaṃso dhamme suciṇṇe, na duggatiṃ gacchati dhammacārī’’ti.
Dhammo nāma duvidho indriyasaṃvaro maggo ca. Duggati nāma duvidhā devamanusse vā
upanidhāya apāyā duggati, nibbānaṃ vā upanidhāya sabbā upapattiyo duggati. Tattha yā saṃvarasīle
akhaṇḍakāritā, ayaṃ dhammo suciṇṇo apāyehi rakkhati. Evaṃ bhagavā āha – dvemā, bhikkhave,
sīlavato gatiyo devā ca manussā ca. Evañca nāḷandāyaṃ nigame asibandhakaputto gāmaṇi bhagavantaṃ
etadavoca –
‘‘Brāhmaṇā, bhante, pacchābhūmakā kāmaṇḍalukā sevālamālikā udakorohakā aggiparicārakā, te
mataṃ kālaṅkataṃ uyyāpenti nāma, saññāpenti nāma, saggaṃ nāma okkāmenti
[uggamenti (sī.) passa
saṃ. ni. 4.358] . Bhagavā pana, bhante, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pahoti tathā kātuṃ, yathā sabbo loko
kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjeyyā’’ti.
‘‘Tena hi, gāmaṇi, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsīti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gāmaṇi, idhassa puriso pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī
pisuṇavāco pharusavāco samphappalāpī abhijjhālu byāpannacitto micchādiṭṭhiko, tamenaṃ
mahājanakāyo saṅgamma samāgamma āyāceyya thomeyya pañjaliko anuparisakkeyya ‘ayaṃ puriso
kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjatū’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gāmaṇi, api nu so
puriso mahato janakāyassa āyācanahetu vā thomanahetuvā pañjalikaṃ
[pañjalikā saṃ. ni. 4.358]
anuparisakkanahetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjeyyā’’ti. ‘‘No
heta ṃ, bhante ’’ .

‘‘ Seyyath āpi, g āma ṇi, puriso mahati ṃ puthusila ṃ gambh īre udakarahade [udakadahe (ka.)]
pakkhipeyya, tamenaṃ mahājanakāyo saṅgamma samāgamma āyāceyya thomeyya pañjaliko
anuparisakkeyya ‘ummujja, bho, puthusile, uplava bho puthusile, thalamuplava, bho puthusile’ti. Taṃ
kiṃ maññasi gāmaṇi, api nu sā mahatī puthusilā mahato janakāyassa āyācanahetu vā thomanahetu vā
pañjalikaṃ anuparisakkanahetu vā ummujjeyya vā uplaveyya vā thalaṃ vā uplaveyyā’’ti. ‘‘No hetaṃ,
bhante’’. ‘‘Evameva kho, gāmaṇi, yo so puriso pāṇātipātī…pe… micchādiṭṭhiko, kiñcāpi naṃ
mahājanakāyo saṅgamma samāgamma āyāceyya thomeyya pañjaliko anuparisakkeyya ‘ayaṃ puriso
kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjatū’ti. Atha kho so puriso kāyassa bhedā
paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjeyya.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gāmaṇi, idhassa puriso pāṇātipātā paṭivirato adinnādānā paṭivirato
kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato musāvādā paṭivirato pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato pharusāya vācāya
paṭivirato samphappalāpā paṭivirato anabhijjhālu abyāpannacitto sammādiṭṭhiko, tamenaṃ
mahājanakāyo saṅgamma samāgamma āyāceyya thomeyya pañjaliko anuparisakkeyya ‘ayaṃ puriso
kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjatū’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi,
gāmaṇi, api nu so puriso mahato janakāyassa āyācanahetu vā thomanahetu vā pañjalikaṃ
anuparisakkanahetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ
upapajjeyyā’’ti. ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Seyyathāpi, gāmaṇi, puriso sappikumbhaṃ vā telakumbhaṃ vā gambhīre
[gambhīraṃ (sī. ka.)
passa saṃ. ni. 4.358] udakarahade ogāhetvā bhindeyya. Tatra yāssa sakkharā vā kaṭhalā [kathalā (ka.)] ,
sā adhogāmī assa. Yañca khvassa tatra sappi vā telaṃ vā, taṃ uddhaṃgāmi assa. Tamenaṃ
mahājanakāyo saṅgamma samāgamma āyāceyya thomeyya pañjaliko anuparisakkeyya ‘osīda, bho
sappitela, saṃsīda, bho sappitela, adho gaccha [avaṃgaccha (sī. ka.)] ‘bho sappitelā’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi
gāmaṇi, api nu taṃ sappitelaṃ mahato janakāyassa āyācanahetu vā thomanahetu vā pañjalikaṃ
anuparisakkanahetu vā ‘osīdeyya vā saṃsīdeyya vā adho vā gaccheyyā’ti. ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Evameva kho, gāmaṇi, yo so puriso pāṇātipātā paṭivirato…pe… sammādiṭṭhiko, kiñcāpi naṃ
mahājanakāyo saṅgamma samāgamma āyāceyya thomeyya pañjaliko anuparisakkeyya ‘ayaṃ puriso
kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjatū’’’ti. Atha kho so puriso
kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjeyya. Iti dhammo suciṇṇo apāyehi rakkhati.
Tattha yā maggassa tikkhatā adhimattatā, ayaṃ dhammo suciṇṇo sabbāhi upapattīhi rakkhati. Evaṃ
bhagavā āha –
‘‘Tasmā rakkhitacittassa [passa udā. 32] , sammāsaṅkappagocaro;
Sammādiṭṭhipurekkhāro, ñatvāna udayabbayaṃ;
Thinamiddhābhibhū bhikkhu, sabbā duggatiyo jahe’’ti.
32 . Tattha duggatīnaṃ hetu taṇhā ca avijjā ca, tāni cattāri upādānāni, tehi catūhi upādānehi ye
saupādānā khandhā, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Cattāri upādānāni, ayaṃ samudayo. Pañcakkhandhā dukkhaṃ,
tesaṃ bhagavā pariññāya ca pahānāya ca dhammaṃ deseti dukkhassa pariññāya samudayassa pahānāya.
Tattha taṇhāya pañcindriyāni rūpīni padaṭṭhānaṃ. Avijjāya manindriyaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Pañcindriyāni
rūpīni rakkhanto samādhiṃ bhāvayati, taṇhañca niggaṇhāti. Manindriyaṃ rakkhanto vipassanaṃ
bhāvayati, avijjañca niggaṇhāti. Taṇhāniggahena dve upādānāni pahīyanti kāmupādānañca
sīlabbatupādānañca. Avijjāniggahena dve upādānāni pahīyanti diṭṭhupādānañca attavādupādānañca.
Catūsu upādānesu pahīnesu dve dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti samatho ca vipassanā ca. Idaṃ
vuccati brahmacariyanti.
Tattha brahmacariyassa phalaṃ cattāri sāmaññaphalāni sotāpattiphalaṃ sakadāgāmiphalaṃ
anāgāmiphalaṃ arahattaṃ
[arahattaphalaṃ (ka.)] aggaphalaṃ. Imāni cattāri brahmacariyassa phalāni
[brahmacariyaphalānīti (sī.)] . Iti purimakāni ca dve saccāni dukkhaṃ samudayo ca. Samatho ca

vipassan ā ca brahmacariyañca maggo, brahmacariyassa phal āni ca tad āramma ṇā ca asa ṅkhat ādh ātu
nirodho. Imāni cattāri saccāni. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘dhammo have rakkhatī’’ti.
Tattha yaṃ paṭivedhena rakkhati, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yato rakkhati, ayaṃ samudayo. Yena rakkhati,
ayaṃ maggo. Yaṃ rakkhati, ayaṃ nirodho. Imāni cattāri saccāni. Tenāha āyasmā mahākaccāyano
‘‘ekamhi padaṭṭhāne’’ti.
Niyutto āvaṭṭo hāro.
8. Vibhattihāravibhaṅgo
33 . Tattha katamo vibhattihāro? ‘‘Dhammañca padaṭṭhānaṃ bhūmiñcā’’ti.
Dve suttāni vāsanābhāgiyañca nibbedhabhāgiyañca. Dve paṭipadā puññabhāgiyā ca phalabhāgiyā
ca. Dve sīlāni saṃvarasīlañca pahānasīlañca, tattha bhagavā vāsanābhāgiyaṃ suttaṃ puññabhāgiyāya
paṭipadāya desayati, so saṃvarasīle ṭhito tena brahmacariyena brahmacārī bhavati, tattha bhagavā
nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ suttaṃ phalabhāgiyāya paṭipadāya desayati, so pahānasīle ṭhito tena brahmacariyena
brahmacārī bhavati.
Tattha katamaṃ vāsanābhāgiyaṃ suttaṃ? Vāsanābhāgiyaṃ nāma suttaṃ dānakathā sīlakathā
saggakathā kāmānaṃ ādīnavo nekkhamme ānisaṃsoti.
Tattha katamaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ suttaṃ? Nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ nāma suttaṃ yā
catusaccappakāsanā, vāsanābhāgiye sutte natthi pajānanā, natthi maggo, natthi phalaṃ.
Nibbedhabh āgiye sutte atthi pajānanā, atthi maggo, atthi phalaṃ. Imāni cattāri suttāni. Imesaṃ
catunnaṃ suttānaṃ desanāya phalena sīlena brahmacariyena sabbato vicayena hārena vicinitvā
yuttihārena yojayitabbā yāvatikā ñāṇassa bhūmi.
34 . Tattha katame dhammā sādhāraṇā? Dve dhammā sādhāraṇā nāmasādhāraṇā vatthusādhāraṇā ca.
Yaṃ vā pana kiñci aññampi evaṃ jātiyaṃ, micchattaniyatānaṃ sattānaṃ aniyatānañca sattānaṃ
dassanappahātabbā kilesā sādhāraṇā, puthujjanassa sotāpannassa ca kāmarāgabyāpādā sādhāraṇā,
puthujjanassa anāgāmissa ca uddhaṃbhāgiyā saṃyojanā sādhāraṇā, yaṃ kiñci ariyasāvako lokiyaṃ
samāpattiṃ samāpajjati, sabbā sā avītarāgehi [avigatarāgehi (ka.)] sādhāraṇā, sādhāraṇā hi dhammā
evaṃ aññamaññaṃ paraṃ paraṃ sakaṃ sakaṃ visayaṃ nātivattanti. Yopi imehi dhammehi
samannāgato na so taṃ dhammaṃ upātivattati. Ime dhammā sādhāraṇā.
Tattha katame dhammā asādhāraṇā? Yāva desanaṃ upādāya gavesitabbā sekkhāsekkhā
bhabbābhabbāti, aṭṭhamakassa sotāpannassa ca kāmarāgabyāpādā sādhāraṇā dhammatā asādhāraṇā,
aṭṭhamakassa anāgāmissa ca uddhambhāgiyā saṃyojanā sādhāraṇā dhammatā asādhāraṇā. Sabbesaṃ
sekkhānaṃ nāmaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ dhammatā asādhāraṇā. Sabbesaṃ paṭipannakānaṃ nāmaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ
dhammatā asādhāraṇā. Sabbesaṃ sekkhānaṃ sekkhasīlaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ dhammatā asādhāraṇā. Evaṃ
visesānupassinā hīnukkaṭṭhamajjhimaṃ upādāya gavesitabbaṃ.
Dassanabhūmi niyāmāvakkantiyā padaṭṭhānaṃ, bhāvanābhūmi uttarikānaṃ phalānaṃ pattiyā
padaṭṭhānaṃ, dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā samathassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā
vipassanāya padaṭṭhānaṃ, dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu parato ghosassa sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ,
sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu cintāmayiyā paññāya sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ, bhāvanāmayaṃ
puññakiriyavatthu bhāvanāmayiyā paññāya sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu
parato ca ghosassa sutamayiyā ca paññāya sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu
cintāmayiyā ca paññāya yoniso ca manasikārassa sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ, bhāvanāmayaṃ
puññakiriyavatthu bhāvanāmayiyā ca paññāya sammādiṭṭhiyā ca sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ.

Patir ūpadesav āso vivekassa ca sam ādhissa ca s ādh āra ṇaṃ pada ṭṭ hāna ṃ, sappuris ūpanissayo
tiṇṇañca aveccappasādānaṃ samathassa ca sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ, attasammāpaṇidhānaṃ hiriyā ca
vipassanāya ca sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ, akusalapariccāgo kusalavīmaṃsāya ca samādhindriyassa ca
sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ, dhammasvākkhātatā kusalamūlaropanāya ca phalasamāpattiyā ca sādhāraṇaṃ
padaṭṭhānaṃ, saṅghasuppaṭipannatā saṅghasuṭṭhutāya sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ, satthusampadā
appasannānañca pasādāya pasannānañca bhiyyobhāvāya sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ,
appaṭihatapātimokkhatā dummaṅkūnañca puggalānaṃ niggahāya pesalānañca puggalānaṃ
phāsuvihārāya sādhāraṇaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tenāha āyasmā mahākaccāyano ‘‘dhammañca padaṭṭhāna’’nti.
Niyutto vibhatti hāro.
9. Parivattanahāravibhaṅgo
35 . Tattha katamo parivattano hāro? ‘‘Kusalākusale dhamme’’ti. Sammādiṭṭhissa purisapuggalassa
micchādiṭṭhi nijjiṇṇā bhavati. Ye cassa micchādiṭṭhipaccayā uppajjeyyuṃ aneke
[anekā (ka.)] pāpakā
akusalā dhammā, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti. Sammādiṭṭhipaccayā cassa aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti,
te cassa bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. Sammāsaṅkappassa purisapuggalassa micchāsaṅkappo nijjiṇṇo
bhavati. Ye cassa micchāsaṅkappapaccayā uppajjeyyuṃ aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā, te cassa
nijjiṇṇā honti. Sammāsaṅkappapaccayā cassa aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti. Te cassa
bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. Evaṃ sammāvācassa sammākammantassa sammāājīvassa
sammāvāyāmassa sammāsatissa sammāsamādhissa sammāvimuttassa sammāvimuttiñāṇadassanassa
purisapuggalassa micchāvimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ nijjiṇṇaṃ bhavati. Ye cassa
micchāvimuttiñāṇadassanapaccayā uppajjeyyuṃ aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti.
Sammāvimuttiñāṇadassanapaccayā cassa aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa bhāvanāpāripūriṃ
gacchanti.
36 . Yassa vā pāṇātipātā paṭiviratassa pāṇātipāto pahīno hoti. Adinnādānā paṭiviratassa
adinnādānaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti. Brahmacārissa abrahmacariyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti. Saccavādissa musāvādo
pahīno hoti. Apisuṇavācassa pisuṇā vācā pahīnā hoti. Saṇhavācassa pharusā vācā pahīnā hoti.
Kālavādissa samphappalāpo pahīno hoti. Anabhijjhālussa
[anabhijjhāmanassa (ka.)] abhijjhā pahīnā
hoti. Abyāpannacittassa byāpādo pahīno hoti. Sammādiṭṭhissa micchādiṭṭhi pahīnā hoti.
Ye ca kho keci ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ garahanti, nesaṃ sandiṭṭhikā sahadhammikā gārayhā
vādānuvādā āgacchanti. Sammādiṭṭhiñca te bhavanto dhammaṃ garahanti. Tena hi ye micchādiṭṭhikā,
tesaṃ bhavantānaṃ pujjā ca pāsaṃsā ca. Evaṃ sammāsaṅkappaṃ sammāvācaṃ sammākammantaṃ
sammāājīvaṃ sammāvāyāmaṃ sammāsatiṃ sammāsamādhiṃ sammāvimuttiṃ
sammāvimuttiñāṇadassanañca te bhavanto dhammaṃ garahanti. Tena hi ye micchāvimuttiñāṇadassanā,
tesaṃ bhavantānaṃ pujjā ca pāsaṃsā ca.
Ye ca kho keci evamāhaṃsu ‘‘bhuñjitabbā kāmā, paribhuñjitabbā kāmā, āsevitabbā kāmā,
nisevitabbā kāmā, bhāvayitabbā kāmā, bahulīkātabbā kāmā’’ti. Kāmehi veramaṇī tesaṃ adhammo.
Ye vā pana keci evamāhaṃsu ‘‘attakilamathānuyogo dhammo’’ti. Niyyāniko tesaṃ dhammo
adhammo. Ye ca kho keci evamāhaṃsu ‘‘dukkho dhammo’’ti. Sukho tesaṃ dhammo adhammo. Yathā
vā pana bhikkhuno sabbasaṅkhāresu asubhānupassino viharato subhasaññā pahīyanti. Dukkhānupassino
viharato sukhasaññā pahīyanti. Aniccānupassino viharato niccasaññā pahīyanti. Anattānupassino
viharato attasaññā pahīyanti. Yaṃ yaṃ vā pana dhammaṃ rocayati vā upagacchati vā, tassa tassa
dhammassa yo paṭipakkho, svassa aniṭṭhato ajjhāpanno bhavati. Tenāha āyasmā mahākaccāyano
‘‘kusalākusaladhamme’’ti.
Niyutto parivattano hāro.